CONTENTS
Part 1 Systems and Process Overview
CHAPTER 1 Information Systems : Product and Process = 2
1.1 The Components of an Information System = 3
Minicase : Abby Clark and her Turnkey System = 16
1.2 The REDI Model of Systems Development = 18
Minicase : Abby Clark's Contract Labor System = 27
1.3 The Development Process Matrix = 30
Summary = 30
Note = 31
Key Terms = 31
Exercises = 31
CHAPTER 2 Managing the Development Process = 36
2.1 Systems Development Goals = 38
Minicase : A High-Quality, Low-Value System = 43
2.2 Management Activities = 47
2.3 Phased Development = 50
Minicase : Midtown Bank Trend Analysis = 51
2.4 Application Software Sources = 56
Minicase : Information Center Consultants at Taco Bell = 60
Summary = 61
Notes = 61
Key Terms = 61
Exercises = 63
CHAPTER 3 A Prescription System for Meadows Hospital : A Case Study = 66
3.1 Meadows Hospital = 67
3.2 The Meadows Requirements Stage = 67
3.3 The Meadows Evaluation Stage = 75
3.4 The Meadows Design Stage = 78
3.5 The Meadows Implementation Stage = 81
Summary = 83
Exercises = 83
Part2 Management Activities
CHAPTER 4 Planning Overview = 86
4.1 Why Don't Analysts Plan? = 87
4.2 Guidelines for Successful Planning = 89
Minicase : A Consultant's View of a Project Management Mess = 92
4.3 Planning Taske = 95
4.4 Timing of Planning Tasks = 98
Minicase : Ledger Summary Revision for Meadows Hospital = 100
4.5 Planning Products = 100
Summary = 100
Note = 101
Key Terms = 101
Exercises = 102
CHAPTER 5 Planning Techniques = 104
5.1 Work Breakdown Structure = 105
5.2 Critical Path Method(CPM) Networks = 114
5.3 Gantt Charts = 118
Minicase : Word Processing Systems for Outerspace Magazine = 122
5.4 Planning Software = 127
Summary = 128
Note = 129
Key Terms = 129
Exercises = 129
CHAPTER 6 Estimating Techniques = 138
6.1 The Goals of Estimating Effort = 139
Minicase : A Payroll / Personnel System for Smith County = 139
6.2 The Sum-of-Tasks Method = 141
Minicase : Developing a Spreadsheet Application for Meadows Pharmacy = 143
6.3 The 3 Time-Programming Rule = 145
6.4 The Lines-of-Code Model = 145
6.5 The Function Point Model = 148
6.6 The Life Cycle Stage Moeld = 152
6.7 Developing a Project Schedule = 154
Summary = 157
Notes = 158
Key Terms = 158
Exercises = 159
Part3 Requirements Determination Activities
CHAPTER 7 Requirements Determination Overview = 166
7.1 The Importance of Requirements Determination = 167
7.2 The Techniques of Requirements Determination = 170
7.3 The Activities of Requirements Determination = 172
7.4 Strategies for Requirements Detrmination = 176
Minicase : Sydney Productions' Materials Handing Simulation Project = 182
Summary = 184
Notes = 185
Key Terms = 185
Exercises = 185
CHAPTER 8 Understanding the Organizational Context = 188
8.1 Critical Success Factors = 189
Minicase : Lite's Production Management System = 195
Minicase : A New Ending for Requirements Determination at Lite = 198
8.2 Context Diagrams = 198
Minicase : Context Diagrams for Universal, Inc = 201
Summary = 206
Notes = 207
Key Terms = 207
Exercises = 207
CHAPTER 9 Requirements Determination Strategies = 211
9.1 The Asking Strategy = 211
Minicase : Using NGT for Systems Planning at Woods, Inc. = 215
9.2 The Deriving Strategy = 218
9.3 The Analyzing Strategy = 220
9.4 The Prototyping Strategy = 224
Summary = 225
Notes = 226
Key Terms = 226
Exercises = 226
CHAPTER 10 Data Flow Diatrams and System Flowcharts = 229
10.1 Data Flow Diagram Symbols = 230
10.2 DFD Construction = 236
Minicase : Step-by-Step Construction of the License System DFD = 240
10.3 System Flowcharts = 247
10.4 Comparison of DFDs. System Flowcharts, and Program Flowcharts = 255
Summary = 257
Notes = 258
Key Terms = 258
Exercises = 258
CHAPTER 11 Conceptual Data Modeling = 262
11.1 Introduction to Data Modeling = 263
11.2 Data Modeling Constructs = 265
11.3 Validation Data Models Using Data Flow Diagrams = 279
11.4 Data Model Construction = 280
Minicase : Return to Meadows Hospital = 282
Summary = 296
Notes = 297
Key Terms = 297
Exercises = 297
CHAPTER 12 Requirements Documentation and Management Reviews = 301
12.1 Management Strategies for Requirements Documentation = 302
12.2 The Requirements Document = 303
12.3 Documentation Techniques = 307
12.4 Walkthroughs and Management Reviews = 312
Summary = 315
Notes = 316
Key Terms = 316
Exercises = 316
Part4 Evaluation Activities
CHAPTER 13 Evaluation Overview = 320
13.1 What Is Evaluation? = 321
13.2 Guidelines for Sucessful Evaluation = 325
Minicase : An Alternative for Reducing Paper Clutter at Meadows Hospital = 326
13.3 Choosing Evaluation Criteria = 329
13.4 Quick Evaluation Methods = 332
13.5 The Role of the Evaluation Process = 336
13.6 Timing and Sequence = 338
13.7 Evaluation Reports = 341
Minicase : Evaluating Word Processors for School Administrators = 342
Summary = 345
Notes = 345
Key Terms = 345
Exercises = 345
CHAPTER 14 Evaluation Techniques = 354
14.1 Evaluation Matrices = 354
14.2 Evaluation Grids = 356
Minicase : Selecting a Database for Outerspace Magazine = 357
14.3 Evaluation Activities = 364
Minicase : Generating Alternative Solutions for Environmental Research Associates = 366
Summary = 373
Key Terms = 373
Exercises = 374
Part5 Design Specification Activities
CHAPTER 15 Design Specification Overview = 380
15.1 Purpose and Goals of Design Spectification = 381
15.2 Design Specification Activities = 383
15.3 Managing the Design Specification Process = 387
Summary = 388
Note = 389
Key Terms = 389
Exercises = 389
CHAPTER 16 User-Interface Design = 390
16.1 Interface Design Activities = 391
Minicase : Return to Universal, Inc. = 391
16.2 Types of Interfaces = 394
16.3 Guidelines for Interface Design = 402
16.4 Designing Interfaces = 412
Minicase : Return to Meadows Hospital = 414
Summary = 420
Key Terms = 421
Exercises = 421
CHAPTER 17 Database Design = 424
17.1 Introduction to Database Design = 425
Minicase : Designing a Databases for Universal, Inc = 427
17.2 Logical Database Design Constructs = 431
17.3 Physical Database Design Constructs = 434
17.4 Database Management Systems = 439
17.5 Guidelines for Database Design = 446
17.6 Designing a Database = 457
Minicase : Return to Meadows Hospital = 457
Appendix A : Normalizations = 464
Summary = 466
Notes = 467
Key Terms = 467
Exercises = 467
CHAPTER 18 Program Design = 470
18.1 Introduction to Structured Program Design = 471
Minicase : Program Design at Universla, Inc. = 472
18.2 Techniques of Structured Program Design = 476
18.3 Creating the Structure Chart = 480
18.4 Refining the Program Design Specification = 487
18.5 Designing Programs = 509
Minicase : Ruturn to Meadows Hospital = 511
18.6 Design Tools for Program Generation = 520
Summary = 521
Key Terms = 521
Exercises = 521
Part6 Implementation Activities
CHAPTER 19 Implementation Overview = 526
19.1 What Is Implementation? = 527
19.2 The Total Development Effort = 530
19.3 The Goals of Implementation = 536
Summary = 538
Notes = 538
Key Terms = 538
Exercises = 538
CHAPTER 20 Construction Systems = 541
20.1 Constructing the System Components = 542
Minicase : Preliminary Constructing of a Timekeeping System = 546
20.2 Documenting the System = 547
20.3 Training the Users and Technical Staff = 550
Minicase : Training for the Timekeeping Systems = 554
Summary = 556
Notes = 557
Key Terms = 557
Exercises = 557
CHAPTER 21 Testing the System = 560
21.1 Introduction to Testing = 561
21.2 Testing the Software and Hardware = 565
Minicase : A Full-Flex Grade Book System for State University = 565
Minicase : Testing an Expenditure Forecasting System for Meadows Hospital = 570
21.3 Testing the Procedures and Data = 572
21.4 Testing the Components as a System = 575
21.5 Economics of Testing = 575
Summary = 576
Key Terms = 576
Notes = 577
Exercises = 577
CHAPTER 22 Installation and Changeover = 579
22.1 Installation Strategies = 580
Minicase : Phased Installation of an Inventory Management System = 583
22.2 Installation and Changeover = 585
22.3 Post-Implementation Evaluation = 588
22.4 Change Management = 595
Summary = 596
Notes = 596
Key Terms = 596
Exercises = 597
Glossary = 598
Answers to Selected Exercises = 608
Index = 633
