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Global watming through the enhanced greehouse effect is one of the major and most uncertain forces of global environmental change presently facing the earth. This book is a guide to the scientific and policy debate concerning the roles of agriculture, forestry and other activities leading to global warming. The influence of land use on the greehouse effect is important, not only in terms of net emissions of greenhouse gases, but also in the potential to reduce emissions through changing land use policies.

Land Use and the Causes of Global Warming reviews the global emissions of greenhouse gases from land use sources, highlighting the undertainties in estimating both the magnitude of the fluxes and the scale of land use change. Policies of afforestation, policies to encourage the halting of deforestation and changing management pravctices in agriculture are all examined from the perspectives of feasibility, cost and equity. The authors illustrate how all land use policies are multi-objective but that the reduction of grenhouse gas emissions must be a key element in forestry and agriculture policy on a global bais. This is an invaluable book for all thoe in the climate change research community, environmental scientits, economists and social scientits in research institutions.

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Land Use and the Causes of Global Warming reviews the global emissions of greenhouse gases from land use sources, highlighting the undertainties in estimating both the magnitude of the fluxes and the scale of land use change. Policies of afforestation, policies to encourage the halting of deforestation and changing management pravctices in agriculture are all examined from the perspectives of feasibility, cost and equity. The authors illustrate how all land use policies are multi-objective but that the reduction of grenhouse gas emissions must be a key element in forestry and agriculture policy on a global bais. This is an invaluable book for all thoe in the climate change research community, environmental scientits, economists and social scientits in research institutions.

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CONTENTS
Preface = ⅸ
PART Ⅰ INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW = 1
 1 Land Use and Global Environmental Change : A Social Science Perspective = 3
  1.1 Introduction = 3
  1.2 The Carbon Cycle and the Principal Causes of Global Warming = 4
  1.3 Impacts of Climate Change and Feedbacks = 16
  1.4 Trends in Land Use Change = 21
  1.5 Social Science Analysis of Global Environmental Change = 25
  1.6 The International Context and the Climate Change Convention = 33
  1.7 Conclusion = 35
PART Ⅱ THE LAND USE CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING = 37
 2 Assessing Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from the Terrestrial Biota = 39
  2.1 Introduction = 39
  2.2 Land Use Change Data = 40
  2.3 Land Use Change Dynamics = 41
  2.4 Estimating Per Area Carbon Fluxes for Great Britain = 47
  2.5 Aggregate Land Use Results = 57
  2.6 Aggregate UK Emissions from all Sources = 59
  2.7 Summary and Conclusions = 63
 3. The Role of Tropical Forests in the Carbon Cycle = 66
  3.1 Introduction = 66
  3.2 Global Deforestation = 68
  3.3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Deforestation = 74
  3.4 Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from African Deforestation - Case Study = 88
  3.5 Conclusions = 93
 4 Soils, Bogs and Wetlands : Greenhouse Gas Fluxes = 96
  4.1 Introduction = 96
  4.2 Carbon Accumulation in Soils = 98
  4.3 Wetlands = 98
  4.4 Methane from Natural Wetlands = 102
  4.5 Carbon in Peat and Wetlands = 104
  4.6 Rice Cultivation = 112
  4.7 Estimating Global Emissions of Methane from Rice = 118
  4.8 A New Estimate of Global Methane Emissions from Paddy Rice = 122
  4.9 Other Artificial Wetlands = 127
  4.10 Conclusion = 128
PART Ⅲ POLICY ANALYSIS = 131
 5 An Investigation of the Causes of Tropical Deforestation = 133
  5.1 Introduction = 133
  5.2 Defining the Problem : Deforestation and Forest Degradation = 134
  5.3 The Causes of Tropical Deforestation : Distinguishing Proximate and Underlying Causes = 136
  5.4 Proximate Causes of Deforestation = 137
  5.5 The Underlying Causes of Deforestation = 144
  5.6 Slowing the Rate of Tropical Deforestation = 153
  5.7 Conclusions = 162
 6 Agricultural Policy to Reduce Methane Emissions = 164
  6.1 Introduction = 164
  6.2 Methane Emissions from Livestock = 164
  6.3 The Economics of Methane Emissions = 167
  6.4 Agricultural Policy Reform Impacts on Methane from Livestock = 176
  6.5 Strategies for Reducing Methane Emissions from Rice Production = 182
  6.6 Conclusion = 187
 7 Forestry Options for Offsetting Emissions = 189
  7.1 Introduction = 189
  7.2 Availability of Land in the World for Afforestation = 190
  7.3 Economics of Afforestation = 193
  7.4 Afforestation Options in the UK = 196
  7.5 Conclusions = 204
 8 The International Policy Dimension = 205
  8,1 Introduction = 205
  8.2 Climate Change Convention = 207
  8.3 Responsibility for Global Warming = 209
  8.4 International Policy Instruments = 213
  8.5 International Offsets and Land Use Emissions = 219
  8.6 Drawbacks of International Offsets in the Tropical Forest Context = 227
  8.7 Conclusions = 230
 9 Land Use Options for Greenhouse Gas Abatement : Prospects and Constraints = 232
  9.1 Introduction = 232
  9.2 Emissions of Greenhouse Gases from Land Use = 232
  9.3 Abatement Options = 234
  9.4 Conclusion = 237
References = 239
Index = 261