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United States policy toward China after World War II presented a uniform front of overwhelming revilement. Today, however, while Chinese human rights violations often make headlines and trade restrictions are periodically threatened, the relationship between the countries is considered "normalized." How has this change taken place? A solid political history of United States/Chinese foreign relations, The Practice of Power traces the change from hostility to rapprochement, to normalization in 1979, to the current mutually wary cooperation. The major diplomatic issues traversed include United States opposition to Chinese representation at the United Nations, the China Trade Embargo, American public opinion about China, the Sino-Soviet alliance, and China's military capabilities, both conventional and nuclear. Rosemary Foot shows how, after normalization in 1979, the United States began to move toward viewing China as less of a threat, but still resistant to certain of the norms of the current international order. Previous explanations of American relations with China, Foot argues, have dwelt too single-mindedly on ideas associated with the strategic triangle. Her approach embeds our understanding of the evolution of American relations with China within a wider structure of relationships at the global and domestic levels, and suggests the direction that relations between the two giants will take into the twenty-first century.

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CONTENTS

1. Introduction: Power and the US-Chinese Relationship = 1

2. US Hegemony and International Legitimacy: The Chinese Representation Issue at the United Nations = 22

3. Trading with the Enemy: The USA and the China Trade Embargo = 52

4. 'We the People': US Public Opinion and China Policy = 82

5. Balancing Against Threats: The Rise and Fall of the Sino-Soviet Alliance = 114

6. The Iron Wall: China's Conventional Military Capabilities = 143

7. The Politics of Nuclear Weapons: China as a Nuclear Power = 167

8. China as the 'Wave of the Future": The Chinese Politico-Economic Model = 194

9. International Order and US Structural Power: The US Relationship with China since 1979 = 223

10. Summary and Conclusion = 258

Bibliography = 266

Index = 287