CONTENTS
Chapter 1 THE SCOPE OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION / Frank H. Krusen = 1
PART Ⅰ : PRINCIPLES OF EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT
Chapter 2 EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT : GONIOMETRY : MUSCLE TESTING / Walter C. Stolov ; Theodore M. Cole ; Jerome S. Tobis = 17
Evaluation of the Patient / Walter C. Stolov = 17
History = 20
The Physical Examination = 30
Conclusion = 38
Goniometry : The Measurement of joint Motion / Theodore M. Cole = 40
Tools and Instruments = 40
Systems of Measurement = 41
Terminology = 43
Accuracy = 44
Conditions Affecting Measurement of Joint Motion = 44
General Principles in Measurement of Joint Motion = 44
Technique of joint Measurement = 45
Muscle Testing = 57
Chapter 3 EVALUATION OF THE AMPUTEE / Emery K. Stoner = 88
Functional Evaluation of the Upper Extremity = 88
Normal Biomechanics = 88
Abnormal Biomechanics = 91
Evaluation of Gait = 92
Normal Biomechanics = 92
Abnormal Biomechanics = 95
Chapter 4 CARE OF THE AMPUTEE / Emery K. Stoner = 97
Orthotics = 97
Upper Extremity Orthotics = 98
Assistive Devices = 101
Lower Extremity Orthotics = 103
Trunk Bracing = 112
Management of the Amputee = 114
Upper Extremity Prosthetics = 114
LowerExtremity Prosthetics = 124
Immediate Postsurgical Fitting of Prostheses = 136
The Geriatric Amputee = 138
The Juvenile Amputee = 140
Chapter 5 SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DISORDERS / Henry Goehl = 145
Defining Speech and Language = 146
Classifying Speech and Language Disorders = 146
Speech Development and Related Variables = 148
Incidence of Speech and Language Disorders = 150
Evaluation and Management = 151
The Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Speech and fiearing Section = 166
Chapter 6 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT / Wilbert E. Fordyce = 168
Learning Principles = 171
Adjustment to Disability = 173
Participation in Rehabilitation = 181
Psychological Factors in Brain Dammage = 190
Chapter 7 PSYCHOSOCIAL DIAGNOSIS AND SOCIAL SERVICES-ONE ASPECT OF THE REHABILITATION PROCESS / Helen J. Yesner = 196
Rationale for Psychosocial Concerns in Rehabilitation = 196
Psychosocial Aspects of Disability = 197
Social Work and Rehabilitation = 200
The Function of the Social Caseworker in Rehabilitation = 200
When Should a Patient Be Referred to Social Service? = 204
How to Refer Patients to Social Service = 205
Community Resources Commonly Used in the Rehabilitation Process = 205
What is the Training for the Social Worker? = 206
Chapter 8 VOCATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT / Robert A. Walker = 208
The Physician's Expectations = 209
The Counselor's Expectations = 209
The Patient's Interest in Vocational Rehabilitatioh = 210
Vocational Evaluation Methods = 212
The Process of Vocational Rehabilitation = 216
Summary = 220
Chapter 9 ELECTRODIAGNOSIS / Ernest W. Johnson = 222
Electromvography and Nerve Stimulation Techniques = 222
Traditional Electrodiagnostic Techniques = 253
Summary = 254
PART Ⅱ : TECHNIQUES OF MANAGEMENT
Chapter 10 THERAPEUTIC HEAT AND COLD / G. Keith Stillwell = 259
Rationale of the Use of I.ocal Heating = 259
Methods of Therapeutic Heating = 261
Therapeutic Cold = 268
Methods of Therapeutic Cooling = 271
Chapter 11 DIATHERMY / Justus F. Lehmann = 273
Rationale of the Use of Local Heating = 273
Shortwave Diathermy = 279
Ultrasonic Diathermy = 297
Microwave Diathermy = 321
Summary = 336
Chapter 12 HYDROTHERAPY / Jack M. Zislis = 346
General Principles of Hydrotherapy = 346
Methods of Application of Hydrotherapy = 348
Cryotherapy As a Part of Hydrotherapy = 356
Chapter 13 ULTRAVIOLET THERAPY / C. Keith Stillwell = 363
Physical Principles4 = 363
Physiologic Effects = 366
Methods of Ultraviolet Irradiation = 369
Indications for Ultraviolet Therapy = 371
Chapter 14 ELECTRICAL STIMULATION AND IONTOPHORESIS / G. Keith Still well = 374
Electrical Stimulation = 374
lontophoresis = 379
Chapter 15 MASSAGE / Miland E. Knapp = 381
History = 381
Physiologic Effects of Massage = 382
Technique = 382
Indications = 384
Contraindications = 384
Chapter 16 THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE / Frederic I. Kottke = 385
Exercises to Increase or Maintain Mobility of joints I and Soft Tissues = 386
Exercises to Develop Coordination = 402
Exercises to Develop Muscular Strength and Endurance = 412
Isokinetic Exercise = 424
Exercises to Teach Relaxation = 426
Chapter 17 TRANSFERS-METHOD, EQUIPMENT AND PREPARATION / Paul M. Ellwood. Jr. = 429
Assisted Transfers = 429
Standing Transfers = 430
Bed to Wheelchair Transfer = 431
Sitting Transfers = 440
Chapter 18 PRESCRIPTION OF WHEELCHAIRS / Paul M. Ellwood, Jr. = 452
Important Factors in Wheelchair Selection = 453
Suggestions for Purchase of Wheelchairs for Institutions = 462
Chapter 19 BED POSITIONING / Paul M. Ellwood, Jr. = 463
The Positioning Prescription = 463
The Equipment for Effective Bed Positionin = 463
The Positioning Program = 466
Frequency of Turning = 472
Chapter 20 TRAINING FOR FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE / Frederic I. Kottke = 473
Bed Activities = 477
Hygiene = 477
Eating = 481
Dressing = 482
Wheelchair Activities = 483
Ambulation and Transfers = 485
Manual Dexterity = 486
Therapy to Improve Functional Independence = 486
Chapter 21 TRAINING IN HOMEMAKING ACTIVITIES / Bernard Sandier = 488
Definition and Scope of Homemaking Activities = 489
Organization of a Training Program = 490
Training Content = 491
The Homemaker Trainee = 492
Principles of Work Simplification or Economy of Motion = 494
Self-Help Devices or Aids, and Selection and Adaptation of Household Equipment = 497
Remodeling and Rearrangement of Home Facilities = 499
Clothing Selection and Care = 500
Child Care = 501
Nutrition, Energy Expenditure and Exercise = 502
Psychology of Disability and Family Relationships = 504
Home Care and Homemaker Services = 505
Conclusion = 505
Chapter 22 PRESCRIBING PHYSICAL AND OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY / Gordon M Martin = 510
Essentials of the Prescription = 512
Sample Prescriptions = 516
PART Ⅲ : EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SPECIFIC DISORDERS
Chapter 23 REHABILITATION OF THE STROKE HEMIPLEGIA PATIENT / CariLevensen = 521
Introduction = 525
Etiology = 527
Management = 527
Concomitant Medical Conditions = 547
Speech and Language Disorders I = 547
Transition Period and Follow-up = 550
Chapter 24 CONNECTIVETISSUE DISEASES / Edward W. Lowman = 554
Nonarticular Conditions = 554
Articular Conditions = 558
Chapter 25 CONGENITAL AND TRAUMATIC LESIONS OF THE SPINAL CORD / Charles Long = 566
General Management = 566
Functional Significance of Spinal Cord Lesion Level = 571
Congenital Spinal Cord Lesions = 574
Spasticity = 575
Sexual Problems of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries = 577
Chapter 26 AFTERCARE OF FRACTURES / Miland E. Knapp = 579
Treatment in the Early Stage = 580
Treatment in the Late Stage = 581
Special Problems = 582
Chapter 27 MANAGEMENT OF MOTOR UNIT DISEASES / Ernest W. Johnson = 586
Progressive Motor Unit Diseases = 589
Static Motor Unit Diseases = 591
Transient Motor Unit Diseases = 593
Miscellaneous Motor Unit Diseases = 594
Summary = 594
Chapter 28 CRANIAL NERVE PALSIES AND BRAIN STEM SYNDROMES / Bernard Sandler = 596
Definitions = 596
The Cranial Nerves = 597
Brain Stem Sypdroines = 603
General Medical Management = 605
Chapter 29 DEGENERATIVE DISEASES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM / Jerome S. Tobis = 607
Progressive Character of the Disease = 607
Senility = 608
Ataxia = 612
Increased Tone - Rigidity or Spasticity = 612
Adventitious Movements = 613
Deformities = 613
Decubitus Ulcers = 613
Deconditioning = 614
Summary = 614
Chapter 30 TREATMENT OF BACK DISORDERS AND DEFORMITIES / Hersch L. Sachs = 615
Low Back.Pain = 615
Scoliosis = 622
Chapter 31 MANAGEMENT OF NEUROGENic DYSFUNCTION OF THE BLADDER AND BOWEL / Herbert S. Talbot = 634
The Bladder = 634
The Bowel = 641
Chapter 32 DECUBITUS ULCERS / Michael Kosiak = 643
Etiolo = 643
Prevention = 646
Treatment = 647
Chapter 33 CEREBRAL PALSY AND REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN / Harold M. Sterling = 649
Assessment = 650
Therapeutic Program = 657
Developmental Control = 657
Spasticity = 665
Athetosis = 666
Ataxia = 666
Mixed Lesions = 666
Prognosis = 667
Chapter 34 DISORDERS OF RESPIRATION （PULMONARY FUNCTION） : CHEST PHYSICAL THERAPY / H. Frederic Helmhoiz ; Jr. ; C. Keith Stillwell ; Alan D. Sessier = 669
Disorders of Respiration / H. Frederic Helmhoiz ; Jr. ; G. Keith Stillwell = 669
Physiologic Basis of Disorders of Respiration = 670
Diagnostic Characteristics of Disorders = 674
Characteristics of Control of Ventilation and Circulation = 675
Basis for Breathing Exercises = 676
Chest Physical Therapy / Alan D. Sessier = 679
Routine Chest Physical Therapy = 683
Chapter 35 OMMON CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS IN REHABILITATION / Frederic I. Kottke = 685
Cardiac Disease = 685
Cardiac Requirement During Activity = 689
Cardiac Work Evaluation = 698
Rehabilitation Exercise Program for Cardiac Patients = 701
Peripheral Vascular Disorders = 703
Lymphedema = 709
Chapter 36 INDICATION FOR AND POSTOPERATIVE CARE IN RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY OF THE EXTREMITIES / Earl C. Elkins = 714
General Indications for Tendon Transfers = 714
Reconstruction of the Upper Extremity = 715
Spinal Cord Lesions = 716
Reconstruction of the Lower Extremities = 717
Postoperative Management of Reconstructive Procedures = 720
Chapter 37 AUDITORY DISORDERS : EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT / Hubert L. Gerstman = 726
The Ear = 727
The Nature of the Stimulus （Sound） = 730
Instrumentation = 735
Hearing Loss : A Problem of Definition = 737
Hearing Aids = 748
Aural Rehabilitation = 750
Summary = 757
Chapter 38PSYCHIATRIC REHABILITATION OF THE PHYSICALLY DISABLED, THE MENTALLY RETARDED AND THE PSYCHIATRICALLY IMPAIRED / Carl D. Herman, Richard A. Manning and Edward Teitelman = 761
Introduction = 761
Psychiatric Rehabilitation of the Physically Disabled / Carl D. Herman = 762
Modes of Reaction = 763
Phases of Adaptation = 765
Management = 766
Staff Reactions to Disability = 767
Role of the Psychiatrist in a Rehabilitation Setting = 768
Management of Psychiatric Complications of Mental Retardation / Richard A. Manning = 768
History of Diagnosis and Management of the Retarded = 768
Diagnostic Classifications of Mental Deficiency = 771
A Child Psychiatrist Looks at Mental Retardation = 774
The Major Effects of Mental Retardation on Child Growth and Development = 776
Characteristics of Personality Arrests in the Mentally Defective = 779
Disturbances in Ego Development = 783
Psychiatric Contributions to the Medical Management of the Retarded = 784
Rehabilitation of the Psychiatrically Impaired / Edward Teitelman = 791
Conclusion = 795
PART Ⅳ : BASIC CONSIDERATIONS OF IMPORTANCE IN TOTAL REHABILITATION
Chapter 39 REHABILITATION OF THE BLIND = 799
What Physicians and Other Rehabilitation Scientists Should Know, in General, Regarding Persons Who Ave Blind or Visually Handicapped / Robert C. Goodpasture = 799
Character and Extent of Blindness = 800
Causes of Blindness = 801
Special Services Available = 801
Legislative Support : = 805
Scientific Advances = 807
Chapter 40 ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES IN REHABILITATION MEDICINE / Roy W. Wirta and Donald R. Taylor, Jr. = 810
Mechanics = 811
Materials = 829
Electronics = 843
Chapter 41 THE EDUCATION OF PHYSICIANS AND HEAT-RELTED PROFESSIONALS IN PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION / Leonard D. Policoff = 868
The Development of the Specialty = 868
The Commission on Education in Physical Medicine and I Rehabilitation = 870
Educational Requirements = 871
Management of Disability = 874
Summary = 877
Chapter 42 THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DISABILITY AS RELATED TO REHABILITATION Medicine / Masayoshi itoh ; Mathew H. M. Lee = 879
Spectrum of Health = 880
Natural History of Disease = 882
Levels of Prevention = 885
Functional Diagnosis = 887
Secondary Disability = 889
Immobilization = 891
Preventive Rehabilitation = 892
INDEX = 899
