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CONTENTS
FOREWORD = ⅰ
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS = ⅲ
CONFERENCE HIGHLIGHTS = ⅴ
TABLE OF CONTENTS = ⅶ
WELCOME AND KEYNOTE ADDRESSES = 1
  Welcome Address from IEA / Hans JΦrgen Koch(Director) = 3
  Welcome Address from UNIPEDE / Lennart Lundbert(President) = 7
  Welcome Address from EDF / Gilles M e ´ nage(Chairman) = 9
  Welcome Address from France / Ren e ´ Monory(President of the French Senate) = 15
  Keynote Address from Europe / Christos Papoutsis(European Commission) = 17
  Keynote Address from Japan / Yoshihisa Akiyama(President, Kansai Electric Power Company) = 21
  Keynote Address from North America / Thomas Kuhn(Presdent, Electrioc Institute) = 25
  Closing Remarks for the Opening Session / Francois Ailleret(Director General, Electricit e ´ de France) = 29
SESSION 1 : OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE ELECTRICITY USE FOR USTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
  SESSION 1A : PROSPECTS FOR NEW ELECTRICITY USE = 37
    Chairman's Note on Opportunities to Increase Electricity Use for Sustainable Energy Development / E. Hau(Electricite de France) = 39
    Keynote Address on Prospects for New Electricity / E.G. Dominioni(European Commission) = 41
    Electricity : The Answer to Sustainable Energy Needs / J. Bulcke(Electrabel Belgium) = 47
    Prospects for Electricity Use in 2050 : Barriers and Limits / H. Larsen ; P.E. Morthorst (Risψ National Laboratory Denmark) = 53
    Using Electricity : Benefits to the Environment / L. Muller ; C. Sulle(Electricit e ´ de France, France) = 59
    Electricity : A Gateway to a Better Environment / B. Strandh ; Sydkraft AB ; B. Sahlestr o ·· m ; S. G o ·· the ; (Vattenfall AB. Sweden) = 65
    Towards a More Efficient Use of Energy through Beneficial Electrification / C. Barbesino ; R. Le Goff ; P. G o ·· ricke ; D.F. Porter ; M.­F. Roth ; N. Halbert(UNIPEDE) = 73
    The Effective Use of Electricity / D.A. Baggs ; M. K. Wedgbury(Electricity Association United Kingdom) = 81
    Electricity and the Environment : Sustainability through Technical Innovation / K.E. Yeager ; I.M. Torrens(Electric Power Research Institute, United States) = 89
  SESSION 1B : NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR USING ELECTRICITY = 97
    Keynote Address on Electricity and Sustainable Development : Challenges and Opportunities / H.R. Konow (Canadian Electrical Association, Canada) = 99
    Hydro­Qu e ´ bec's "Econo­Confort" Program : A Unique Energy­Conservation Measure / R. Dunn (Hydro­Qu e ´ bec, Canada) = 105
    Electricity Applications for Waste Treatment and Minimization / M. Drouet (UIE, Canada) ; D. Bialod (DOPEE, France) = 109
    Electricity in Industry : A Vector for Improving Energy Efficiency and Economic Competitiveness / R. Genier ; P. Gibielle (Electricite de France, France) = 115
    Substitution of Efficient Electrotechnologies for Thermal End­Uses to Traditional Processes : Screening of Possibilities and Applications Under Study / P. Menga ; W. Grattieri ; G. Korn (ENEL) ; R. Malinverni (CESI, Italy) = 123
    Elimination of Maintenance Outage and Cost Reduction by Development of Outage­Free Maintenance Techniques / H. Yakabe ; Y. Maruyama (Kyushu Electric Power Company, Japan) = 131
    R&D Options for Demand Side Management in Japanese Electric Utilities / T. Yamamoto (Tokyo Electric Power Company, Japan) = 139
    Efficient Electrotechnologies for the Minerals and Metals Industry / B. Nord ; R. Abrahamsson ; A. Solmar (Vattenfall AB, Sweden) = 147
    The "ELAB" Project, Research on Efficient Use of Electricity in an Uninhabited Test House / J. Wilde ; C. Norberg (Vattenfall Utveckling AB, Sweden) = 155
    Possibilities for Increasing the Use of Electric Vehicles in Switzerland / Y. Dijamatovic (Town of Lausanne's Electrical Utility, Switzerland) = 161
SESSION 2 : ELECTRIC SYSTEM EXPANSION AND INTEGRATION TO MEET GROWING COMPETITION
  SESSION 2A : DEVELOPMENT OF INTERCONNECTED SYSTEMS = 169
    Keynote Address ； N. Ketting / N.V. Sep (The Netherlands) = 171
    Development of Synchronous Electric Power Networks = 173
      CENTREL and its Role in the East­West Electricity Transfer Business / J. Popczyk (CENTREL, Poland) = 175
      Economic and Environmental Benefits of Interconnected Systems : The Spanish Example / A.S. Chicharro ; R. de Dios Alija (Red El e ´ ctrica de Espa n ~ na, Spain) = 189
      Advantages, Difficulties and Limitations of Expansion of the European Electric Power System / G. Carta (Italy) ; H. Persoz (France) ; J. Remondeulaz (Switzerland) ; Large Systems and International Interconnections Study Committee of UNlPEDE = 197
    Use of Direct Current Links for Interconnection of Power Grids = 203
      High Voltage Direct Current （HVDC） Link Between the Power Networks of Italy and Greece / C. Carcano ; P. Oliva (ENEL SpA, Italy) ; J. Voyatzakis (PPC, Greece) = 205
      The Direct Current Challenge for Long Distance Transmission of Bulk Power / A. Clerici (ABB) : G. Valtorta (STE, Italy) = 211
      Scandinavian Interconnections as a Means for an Integrated and Sustainable European System / A. Hedenstedt ; Bernt Hansson (Vattenfall AB, Sweden) = 219
      Dependable Interconnections by HVDC : Operational and Environmental Benefits / M.H. Baker ; B.A. Rowe ; H.L. Thanawala (GEC Alsthom T&D Power Electronic Systems Ltd, United Kingdom) = 225
    Development of Interconnections within Countries = 231
    Power Systems and the Development of Electricity Markets / A. Merlin ; C. Gallaire ; H. Chambon (EdF Production Transport, France) = 233
SESSION 2B : TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS FOR ELECTRIC SYSTEM INTEGRATION = 237
  Chairman's Note / Gyorgy Hatvani (Hungarian Power Companies, Hungary) = 239
  Keynote Address / Walter Fremuth (UCPTE) = 241
  Technologies for Grid Management = 245
    Proposal of New Network Configuration for Smart Use of Dispersed Generation Plants in Metropolitan Areas / H. Saitoh ; J. Toyoda (Tohoku University, Japan) = 247
    Red El e ´ ctrica de Espa \tidlen a : A Privately Owned, Nationwide Optical Fibre Network / Atilio Gonz a ´ lez (Red El e ´ ctrica de Espa n ~ a, Spain) = 253
    Integral System of Network Management : A New Challenge / J.A. Rodriguez ; A.L. P e ´ rez (Compa n ~ a Sevillana de Electricidad, S.A., Spain) = 259
    New Grid Management Technologies ­ Electronic Dispatch / G. Rennie (Andersen Consulting, United Kingdom) = 267
  New Components for Electric Systems = 271
    Future Technological Responses to the Issue of Electrical System Development / R. Ballay (Electricit e ´ de France) = 273
    Research and Development Project for Flywheel Energy Storage System Using High­Temperature Superconducting Magnetic Bearing / J. Shinagawa (Shinokoku Electric Power Company) ; F. Ishikawa (Shikoku Research Institute, Japan) = 281
    Superconductivity in Spain : MIDAS Program / F. Yndurain (Midas Program, Spain) = 289
    Amorphous Metal Distribution Transformers : A Cost­Effective Technology for Environment Betterment / P.M. Curran ; D. Pendlebury (Allied Signal Amorphous Metals, United States) = 295
    Transforming the Future : Cost­Effective Options for Distribution System Upgrades in Developing Countries / S. Thigpen (US Environmental Protection Agency, United States) = 301
    The Impact of High Temperature Superconductivity on the Electric Power Sector / A.M. Wolsky (Argonne National Laboratory, United States) = 307
  Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields = 315
    Environmental and Health Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields from Transmission Lines / B. Cronly (Electricity Supply Board International, Ireland) = 317
SESSION 3 : POWER PRODUCERS AND GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES
  SESSION 3A : APPROPRIATE ROLE OF DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS IN COPING WITH CLIMATE CHANGE = 325
    Chairman's Note / C.E. Nyquist (Vattenfall AB, Sweden) = 327
    Role of End­Use Efficiency Technologies in Coping with Climate Change = 329
      Electricity Generation, Rational Energy Use and CO2, Emissions : The ELECTRABEL Approach / Paul Bulteel (ELECTRABEL, Belgium) = 331
      The Contribution of Energy Efficiency and Renewables to the Reduction of CO2 Emissions / J.A. Paredes ; I. Mateo (Union Electrica Fenosa, Spain) = 339
      Reduced Total Equivalent Global Warming Impact Due to tlie Use of Electric Heat Pumps in Sweden / G. Br o ·· ms ; B. Karlsson (Vattenfall UtvecklingAB, Sweden) = 347
    Role of Efficient Fossil Fuel Technologies in Coping with Climate Change = 353
      PFBC ­ Clean Coal Technology : Status and Experience / S.A. Jansson (ABB Carbon AB, Sweden) = 355
      IGCC : High Efficiency Power Production Status of Development in the United States / T. Atwood (US Department of Energy. United States) = 359
      Global Warming Reduction Through Generation Efficiency Improvements / A.F. Armor ; G.T. Preston (Electric Power Research Institute, United States) = 365
    Role of Renewable Technologies in Coping with Climate Change = 373
      Electricity from Renewable Energies in Austria : Electric Utilities Point of View / A. Szeless (Austrian Electricity Board) ; T. M u ·· ller (Association of Austrian Electric Utilities, Austria) = 375
      Hydroelectricity and Sustainable Development / D. Dubeau (Hydro­Qu e ´ bec, Canada) = 381
      Biomass for Electricity / P. Barbucci ; G. Neri ; G. Trebbi (ENEL SpA／DSA­CRT, Italy) = 387
    Role of Nuclear Technologies in Coping with Climate Change = 395
      The Potential Role of Nuclear Power in Alleviating the Risks of Global Climate Change / B.A. Semenov ; L.L. Bennett ; E. Bertel ; J.F. van de Vate (International Atomic Energy Agency) = 397
      The Potential Role of the Nuclear Option in Decreasing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Production of Electric Power and Heat / G. Popescu ; A. Popescu ; F. Breazu ; A. Vladescu (Romanian Electricity Authority, Romania) = 405
      Eleven Years of Experience with Heat Extraction at the Beznau Ⅰ and Ⅱ Nuclear Power Plants for District Heating / K. K u ·· ffer ; K.­H. Handl (Nordostschweizerische Kraftwerke AC, Switzerland) = 409
      The Role of Advanced Nuclear Plants in Reducing the Environmental and Economic Impact of Greenhouse Emissions on Electrical Generation / J. Redding ; C. Veitch (GE Nuclear Energy, United States) = 415
      Fossil Fuels, Renewables and Nuclear Options to meet the Energy and Environmental Challenges / P. Bacher, (UNIPEDE) ; J.E. Moncomble (Electricite de France) = 423
  SESSION 3B : GREENHOUSE GAS IMPACTS AND RESPONSE STRATEGIES = 433
    Keynote Address / W. Nolan (Edison Electric Institute, United States) = 435
    The E7 Initiative / P. Motion (Electricit e ´ de France, E7 Group) = 439
    Increased Electricity Use for Reducing Pressures on Natural Resources and Environment : The Case of the European Union / A. Camplani ; S. La Bella (EURELECTRIC) = 447
    The Japanese Electric Utility Industry's Approach to Global Warming / M. Kiyohara (The Kansai Electric Power Company, Japan) = 455
    East Asian Perspective on Global Environmental Problems / M. Yonehara (Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Japan) = 459
    Afforestation as Part of a Climate Change Strategy Based on Voluntary Agreements / J. Van der Kooij ; S. Stibbe (Dutch Electricity Generating Board, The Netherlands) = 465
    Modelling Policies to Limit C02 Emissions from the Electricity Industry : A UK Perspective / L. Woolhouse (University of Newcastle and Nuclear Electric, United Kingdom) = 471
    Response Strategies for Electric Utilities to an Uncertain Climate / 0. Wilson (Electricity Supply Board of Ireland) ; J. Delcambre (Electricit e ´ de France ; UNIPEDE) = 479
SESSION 4 : TECHNOLOGY FOR SUPPLYING ELECTRICITY IN DEVELOPING AND TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES
  SESSION 4A : CASE STUDIES OF PARTICULAR DEVELOPING AND TRANSITIONAL COUNTRIES = 487
    Keynote Address / A. Covindassamy( The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development) = 489
    Strategies and Main Issues Concerning Development of Electricity Production in Developing and Transitional Countries = 495
      Some Characteristics of the Hungarian Power System's Long­Term Expansion Strategy / A. Fazekas (Hungarian Power Companies Ltd, Hungary) = 497
      Power Plant Development and Environmental Aspects in Hungary / l. Bak a ´ cs ; A. Str o ´ bl ; V. Civin (Hungarian Power Companies Ltd, Hungary) = 503
      Strategies for Sustainable Development of the Polish Electric Power System / R. Janiczek (Polish Power Grid Company, Poland) = 511
      The Impact of Financial Factors on the Development Strategies of Electricity and Heat Industry / V. Vaida ; D. Gheorghiu ; A. Popescu ; D. Popovici ; F. Breazu ; M. Popescu ; G. V a ^ lcereanu (Romanian Electricity Authority, Romania) = 517
      The Innovative African Kilowatt­Hour / A.C. Calitz (ESKOM, South Africa) = 523
      Experiences and Lessons Learned in Cooperating with Developing and Transitional Countries in the Field of Electricity Supply = 529
    An Australian Perspective on Market Initiatives for ASEAN Countries / R.M. Mitchell ; J.N. Clay (Sydney Electricity, Australia) = 531
      Developing Electricity Production with Natural Gas in the Southern Mediterranean Countries : An Example of North­South Co­operation in the Electricity and Natural Gas Sector / M. Grenon ; E. Nogaret (Observatoire M e ´ diterran e ´ en de I'Energie, France) = 537
      Foreign Direct Investments （FDI） in Energy and Electricity Projects in the Economies in Transition / K. Brendow (World Energy Council) = 543
  SESSION 4B : POTENTIAL ROLE OF PARTICULAR TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPING AND TRANSITIONAL COUNTRIES = 549
    Chairman's Note / R. Bierhoff (RWE Energie, Germany) = 551
    Keynote Address / V. Vaida (Romanian Electricity­Authority. Romania) = 553
  The Role of Renewable Energy in Developing and Transitional Countries = 561
    Distribution of Decentralised Renewable Energy Resources / J.L. Bal ; Ademe ; J.P. Benque (Electricit e ´ de France, France) = 563
    Prospects and Strategy for Large­Scale Utility Applications of Photovoltaic Power Systems / R. Vigotti (ENEL. Italy) ; E. Lysen (NOVEM, The Netherlands) ; A. Cole (ETSU, United Kingdom) = 569
    Present and Prospective Role of Wind Energy in Electricity Supply / E. Sesto (ENEL, Italy) ; D.F. Ancona (Department of Energy, United States) = 577
    The World Solar Summit Process : The Solar Electricity Highway for Peace and Environment / B. Berkovski (UNESCO) = 585
  The Role of New Fossil Technologies in Developing and Transitional Countries = 593
    Overview of Current and Future Clean Coal Technologies : A Utility Point of View / A. Darthenay (Electricit e ´ de France) = 595
    The Possibilities for Development of Combined Cycle Co­Generation in the Hungarian Power System / A. Fazekas (Hungarian Power Companies Ltd, Hungary) = 603
    Combustion Modifications for N0 Reduction / G. de Michele ; S. Pasini ; S. Bertacchi ; R. Tarli (Italy) = 607
    Development of Electron Beam Flue Gas Treatment Technology / T. Tanaka (Chubu Electric Power Company, Inc. Japan) = 617
    Demonstration of Desulphurisation Technology for High­Sulphur Coal in China / T. Yamaho ; N. Kimura (Electric Power Development Co., Ltd, Japan) = 623
  The Role of Nuclear Power, Transmission and Storage Technologies = 629
    Potential Role of Nuclear Power in Developing and Transitional Economies / D. Ganiage ; P. Dierstein (Electricit e ´ de France, France) = 631
    Low Load Density Areas in Developing Countries : Transmission Systems from Concentrated Generation Resources vs Local Diesel Plants / A. Clerici (ABB STE) ; L. Paris (Pisa Univ., Italy) = 637
  Utility Battery Storage : Technology to Support a Sustainable Energy Future / P. Taylor (Energetics Inc.) ; P. Butler (Sandia National Laboratories, United States) = 645
SESSION 5 : POWER INDUSTRY STRUCTURE, REGULATORY POLICIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
  SESSION 5A : POWER INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND REGULATORY POLICIES = 655
    Keynote Address / S. Garribba (ENEA, Italy) = 657
    General Considerations Regarding Power Industry Structure and Regulation = 665
      Which Competition in the European Electricity Supply Industry? / J.P. Bouttes (EDF) ; R. Leban (CNAM, France) = 667
      Competition and Natural Monopoly : The Case for Generation / E.A. Pelegry (Uni o ´ n El e ´ ctrica Fenosa, Spain) = 679
      The Influence of the Market as a Determinant for a National Electricity Strategy / J.R. van Deventer ; A.D. Kimpton (ESKOM, South Africa) = 685
    Country Case Studies on Power Industry Structure and Regulation = 691
      Creation of the New Hungarian Regulatory Framework Based on the Electricity Act / I. Szab o ´ ; G. Sz o ·· r e ´ nyi (Hungarian Energy Office, Hungary) = 693
      New Framework for the New Era : The Legislative Change in the Japanese Utility Industry / H. Myoi (Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Japan) = 701
      Tariffs on Power Trading / C.J. van de Water ; L.R. de Witt ; R.F. Frenken (KEMA, The Netherlands) = 707
      Relationship Between the Electric Power Supplier and Customer During Romania's Transition from an Over­Centralised to a Market Economy System / I. Conecini ; I. Lung (Romanian Electricity Authority, Romania) = 717
      Examining Trends in the Liberalisation and Regulation of the European Utilities Market / D. Thomlinson (Andersen Consulting, United Kingdom) = 723
  SESSION 5B : MECHANISMS FOR ENSURING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN A COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT = 729
    Keynote Address / R.E. Balzhiser(Electric Power Research Institute, United States) = 731
    Developing Technologies for End­Use Efficiency and Renewables in a Competitive Power Sector = 743
      The Development of Co­generation in Europe / T. Van der Does (COGEN Europe, The Netherlands) = 745
      Stimulating the Emergence of Efficient Electrical Appliances : Necessity and Benefits of Labelling, Norms and Regulation / B. Lebot, Ademe (France) = 753
      Efficient Use of Electricity / E. T o ·· nsing (Fraunhofer­Institute for Systems and Innovation Research, Germany) = 761
      A New Strategy for DSM and Market Transformation / H. Nilsson (NUTEK, Sweden) = 765
      The Market Integration of Renewable Energy Technologies in the UK / C.C. Naish ; K.F. McAnulty (ETSU, United Kingdom) = 771
    Developing Technologies for Protecting the Environment in a Competitive Power Sector = 779
      EdF : Contributing to Local Development and Protection of the Environment / G. Veyret. (Electricit e ´ de France) = 781
      Advanced Water Chemistry Management in Power Plants / V. Regis ; F. Signon (ENEL SpA, Italy) = 785
      Competitive Energy Markets : The Effective Route to Improving the Environment / D.J. Swinden, (Eastern Group plc. United Kingdom) = 793
    Research and Development Policy in a Competitive Power Sector = 803
      Tariff Policy in Romania : Strategic Elements for Developing Electricity Supply / D. Manca ; G. Indre ; F. Gugu ; M.Vilceanu (RENEL, Romania) = 805
      The Effects of Competitive Electricity Supply in the UK on Metering Equipment / A. Dick (Electricity Association, United Kingdom) = 813
      The Influence of Privatisation on the Direction and Scale of R&D : Recent UK Experience / S.F. Exell (EA Technology, United Kingdom) = 821
RAPPORTEURS' REPORTS AND CLOSING REMARKS = 827
  Introduction to the Rapporteurs' Reports on the Conference / P. Daures (Electricit e ´ de France, France) = 829
  Workshop 1 : Opportunities to Increase Electricity Use for Sustainable Development / A. Camplani (ENEL Spa. Italy) = 833
  Workshop 2 : Electric System Expansion and Integration to Meet Growing Competition, / H. Persoz (Electricit e ´ de France. France) = 835
  Workshop 3 : Power Producers and Global Climate Change Issues / J. Skeer (International Energy Agency) = 837
  Workshop 4 : Technology for Supplying Electricity in Developing and Transitional Economies / M. Suzukl (Chubu Electric Company, Japan) = 843
  Workshop 5 : Power Industry Structure, Regulatory Policies and Technological Innovation / C. Destival (Electricit e ´ de France, France) = 849
  Closing Remarks by EdF / P. Daures, (Senior Deputy Director General = 851
  Closing Remarks by UNIPEDE / F. Ailleret (Vice­President) = 855
  Closing Remarks by IEA / R. Priddle (Executive Director) = 857
CONFERENCE PROGRAMME = 861
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS = 877