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This volume fills an important gap in the existing economic literature. While much has been written about Japan's pre-1990s institutions and economic performance, this text is unique in its forward-looking orientation - trying to understand not only the institutional and structural changes that have already reshaped Japan in the 1990s, but to identify the critical trends and institutional changes that will mould Japan's new economy over the next decade.

Japan's economy stumbled in the 1990s. After four decades of rapid growth that transformed Japan into a wealthy country at the world's technological frontier, the last decade brought prolonged economic stagnation. The rapid run-up in asset prices in the late 1980s, followed by their collapse in the early 1990s, left a debt overhang that paralyzed the banking sector. Policy reforms were initially half-hearted, and businesses were slow to restructure as the global economy changed. The lagging economy has seemed impervious to aggressive fiscal stimulus measures and is still plagued by ongoing price deflation. Japan's struggle has called into question the ability of the country's economic institutions - originally designed to support factor accumulation and rapid development - to adapt to the new economic environment of the 21st century. Yet Japan's economy is already changing. Driven by an aging population, rapid technological change, and increasing global competition, the country's public and private institutions are being slowly reshaped. This volume explores the forces that will drive structural and institutional change in three areas over the next decade: the macroeconomy, the organization of industry, and the global economic and political environment. Economists, demographers, and Japan specialists examine key aspects of the economy that will be transformed in coming years, including population and savings, the public pension system, labor markets, financial reforms, deregulation of service industries, productivity performance, foreign investment, trade, and the impact of an emerging China. The volume fills an important gap in the existing economic literature. While much has been written about Japan's pre-1990s institutions and economic performance, this volume is unique in its forward-looking orientation - trying to understand not only the institutional and structural changes that have already reshaped Japan in the 1990s, but to identify the critical trends and institutional changes that will mould Japan's new economy over the next decade.

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CONTENTS
List of Contributors = ⅶ
Introduction / Magnus Blomstr o ·· m ; Byron Gangnes ; Sumner La Croix = 1
PART Ⅰ : MACROECONOMIC CHANGES IN JAPAN
  1. Historical, Structural, and Macroeconomic Perspectives on the Japanese Economic Crisis / David E. Weinstein = 29
  2. Population, Labor Force, Saving, and Japan's Future / Andrew Mason ; Naohiro Ogawa = 48
  3. Will Japan's Current Account Turn to Deficit? / F. Gerard Adams ; Byron Cangnes = 75
  4. Japan's Public Pension System in the Twenty-First Century / Charles Yuji Horioka = 99
  5. Japanese Labor Markets : Can We Expect Significant Change? / Marcus Rebick = 120
PART Ⅱ : THE REGULATORY REGIME AND INDUSTRIAL RESTRUCTURING IN JAPAN
  6. Central Banking, Financial, and Regulatory Change in Japan / Thomas F. Cargill = 145
  7. Japan's Big Bang and the Transformation of Financial Markets / Takatoshi Ito ; Michael Melvin = 162
  8. Has Japan Specialized in the Wrong Industries? / Edward N. Wolff = 175
  9. The Sogo Shosha : Finding a New Role? / an Sj o ·· berg ; Marie S o ·· derberg = 198
  10. Regulatory Reform in Japan : The Road Ahead / Sumner La Croix ; James Mak = 215
PART Ⅲ : FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, TRADE, AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION
  11. FDI in the Restructuring of the Japanese Economy / Magnus Blomstr o ·· m ; Denise Konan ; Robert E. Lipsey = 245
  12. A New Millennium for Japanese-North American Economic Policy Relations? / Steven Globerman ; Ari Kokko = 263
  13. Japan as Number Three : Effects of European Integration / Ari Kokko ; Bruce Henry Lambert ; Fredrik Sj o ·· holm = 286
  14. Economic Development in China and Its Implications for Japan / Shigeyuki Abe ; Chung H. Lee = 307
Index = 323