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This volume presents an overview of recent advances, innovative applications, and future prospects of in vitro embryogenesis in higher plants. The book's chapters are divided into five parts: Part I contains reviews on general topics (microspore; zygotic and somatic embryogenesis; in vitro and in vivo asexual embryogenesis; advances on the genetic, physiological, and proteomic knowledge of somatic embryo formation; role of apoptosis and mitochondria in somatic embryogenesis; and innovation in the use of bioreactors). The remaining four parts discuss step-wise protocols on somatic embryogenesis in selected horticultural plants (Part II); forest trees (Part III); gametic embryogenesis (Part IV); and pivotal topics, such as the detection of epigenetics modifications during microspore embryogenesis, the in vitro embryogenesis and plant regenerations from isolated zygotes, the synthetics seed production, the induction and maturation of somatic embryos, and the cryostorage of embryogenic cultures (Part V). Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Authoritative and thorough, In Vitro Embryogenesis in Higher Plants,?is a useful source of information and ideas for plant tissue culturists, cell biologists, embryologists, horticulturists, and operators of commercial nurseries. This book will introduce the fascinating work in in vitro embryogenesis in higher plants to students and young scientists.

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This volume presents an overview of recent advances, innovative applications, and future prospects of in vitro embryogenesis in higher plants. The book's chapters are divided into five parts: Part I contains reviews on general topics (microspore; zygotic and somatic embryogenesis; in vitro and in vivo asexual embryogenesis; advances on the genetic, physiological, and proteomic knowledge of somatic embryo formation; role of apoptosis and mitochondria in somatic embryogenesis; and innovation in the use of bioreactors). The remaining four parts discuss step-wise protocols on somatic embryogenesis in selected horticultural plants (Part II); forest trees (Part III); gametic embryogenesis (Part IV); and pivotal topics, such as the detection of epigenetics modifications during microspore embryogenesis, the in vitro embryogenesis and plant regenerations from isolated zygotes, the synthetics seed production, the induction and maturation of somatic embryos, and the cryostorage of embryogenic cultures (Part V). Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Authoritative and thorough, In Vitro Embryogenesis in Higher Plants,?is a useful source of information and ideas for plant tissue culturists, cell biologists, embryologists, horticulturists, and operators of commercial nurseries. This book will introduce the fascinating work in in vitro embryogenesis in higher plants to students and young scientists.

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Part I Reviews on General Topics

1. A Comparison of In Vitro and In Vivo Asexual Embryogenesis
Melanie L. Hand, Sacco de Vries, and Anna M. G. Koltunow

2. Somatic Versus Zygotic Embryogenesis: Learning from Seeds
Traud Winkelman

3. Recent Advances on Genetic and Physiological Bases of In Vitro Somatic Embryo Formation
Maria Maddalena Altamura, Federica Dell Rovere, Laura Fattorini, Simone D'Angeli, and Giuseppina Falasca

4. Do Mitochondria Play a Central Role in Stress-Induced Somatic Embryogenesis?
Birgit Arnholdt-Schmitt, Carla Ragonezi, and Helia Cardoso

5. Dying with Style: Death Decision in Plant Embryogenesis
Shuanglong Huang, Mohamed Mira, and Claudio Stasolla

6. Somatic Embryogenesis in Broad-Leaf Woody Plants: What We Can Learn from Proteomics
Sandra I. Correia, Ana C. Alves, Paula Verissimo, and Jorge M. Canhoto

7.
Advances in Conifer Somatic Embryogenesis Since Year 2000
Krystyna Klimaszewska, Catherine Hargreaves, Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter, and Jean-Francois Trontin

8. Molecular Aspects of Conifer Zygotic and Somatic Embryo Development: A Review of Genome-Wide Approaches and Recent Insights
Jean-Francois Trontin, Krystyna Klimaszewska, Alexandre Morel, Catherine Hargreaves, and Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter

9. Androgenesis in Solanaceae
Jose M. Segui-Simarro

10. Bioreactors for Plant Embryogenesis and Beyond
Liwen Fei and Pamela Weathers

Part II Protocols of Somatic Embryogenesis in Selected Important Horticultural Plants

11. Somatic Embryogenesis and Genetic Modification of Vitis
Sadanand A. Dhekney, Zhijian T. Li, Trudi N. L. Grant, and Dennis J. Gray

12. Somatic Embryogenesis in Peach-Palm (Bactris Gasipaes) Using Different Explant Sources
Douglas A. Steinmacher, Angelo Schuabb Heringer, Victor M. Jimenez, Marguerite G. G. Quoirin, and Miguel P. Guerra
13. Somatic Embryogenesis: Still a Relevant Technique in Citrus Improvement
Ahmad A. Omar, Manjul Dutt, Frederick G. Gmitter, and Jude W. Grosser

14. Somatic Embryogenesis Induction and Plant Regeneration in Strawberry Tree (Arbutus Unedo L. )
Joao F. Martins, Sandra I. Correia, and Jorge M. Canhoto

15. Somatic Embryogenesis in Olive (Olea Europaea L. subsp. Europaea var. Sativa and var. Sylvestris)
Eddo Rugini and Cristian Silvestri

16. Somatic Embryogenesis in Crocus Sativus L.
Basar Sevindik and Yesim Yalcin Mendi

17. Somatic Embryogenesis in Lisianthus (Eustoma Russellianum Griseb )
Barbara Ruffoni and Laura Bassolino

18. Somatic Embryogenesis in Two Orchid Genera (Cymbidium, Dendrobium)
Jaime
A. Teixeira da Silva and Budi Winarto

19. Somatic Embryogenesis of Lilium from Microbulb Transverse Thin Cell Layers
Pablo Marinangeli

20. Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration of Brachiaria Brizantha
Glaucia B. Cabral, Vera T. C. Carneiro, Diva M. A. Dusi, and Adriana P. Martinelli

Part III Protocols of Somatic Embryogenesis in Selected Forest Trees

21. Somatic Embryogenesis in Pinus Spp.
Itziar Aurora Montalban, Olatz Garcia-Mendiguren, and Paloma Moncalean

22. Somatic Embryogenesis of Abies Cephalonica Loud
Jana Krajnakova and Hely Haggman

23. Somatic Embryogenesis in Horse Chestnut (Aesculus Hippocastanum L. )
Maurizio Capuana

24. Somatic Embryogenesis in Araucaria Angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (Araucariaceae)
Miguel P. Guerra, Neusa Steiner, Francine L. Farias-Soares, Leila do N. Vieira, Hugo P. F. Fraga, Gladys D. Rogge-Renner, and Sara B. Maldonado

Part IV Protocols of Gametic Embryogenesis in Selected Higher Plants

25. Anther Culture in Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L. )
Giuseppe Leonardo Rotino

26. Anther Culture in Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L. )
Veronica Parra-Vega and Jose M. Segui-Simarro

27. Microspore Embryogenesis Through Anther Culture in Citrus Clementina Hort. Ex Tan.
Benedetta Chiancone and Maria Antonietta Germana

Part V Step-Wise Protocols on Pivotal Topics

28. Detection of Epigenetic Modifications during Microspore Embryo

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