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Focusing on fundamental concepts, definitions various aspects of siting, this book contains a detailed checklist to help readers conduct a proper siting process to assess the seismic hazards of a given site. The required site investigation techniques are described in detail.

Focusing on fundamental concepts, definitions various aspects of siting, this book contains a detailed checklist to help readers conduct a proper siting process to assess the seismic hazards of a given site. The required site investigation techniq...

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CONTENTS
PREFACE = Ⅸ
1 FUNDAMENTALS = 1
 1.1 Siting in view of earthquake risk and hazards = 1
 1.2 Fundamental concepts = 2
  1.2.1 Microzonation = 2
  1.2.2 Assessment of the site and foundation soils = 2
  1.2.3 Uncertainty of earthquake - Importance of conceptual design = 3
  1.2.4 Recurrence of seismic damages = 3
  1.2.5 Continuity of seismic activities = 4
 1.3 Meaning of some basic terms = 4
2 MAJOR PROGRAM AND METHOD OF SITING = 7
 2.1 Essentials of siting = 7
 2.2 Design earthquake = 7
  2.2.1 Basic concept = 7
  2.2.2 Major contents of design earthquake = 8
  2.2.3 Macroscopic approach to the background of design earthquake = 9
 2.3 Investigation on the seismic effect of the site and ground soil in historical events = 10
  2.3.1 Direct seismic effects = 10
  2.3.2 Indirect seismic effects = 12
 2.4 Key points of investigating a proposed site for construction = 14
  2.4.1 Major roles and programs = 14
  2.4.2 Major contents of work = 14
  2.4.3 General requirements of all the assessment methods = 18
3 EARTHQUAKE GROUND MOTION = 19
 3.1 Characteristics of earthquake ground motion = 19
  3.1.1 Ground motion intensity = 19
  3.1.2 Frequency characteristics of ground motion = 23
  3.1.3 Duration of ground motion = 25
 3.2 Correlations between earthquake intensity and ground motion parameters = 27
 3.3 Factors influencing ground motion characteristics = 29
  3.3.1 Factors influencing ground motion intensity = 30
  3.3.2 Factors influencing spectrum characteristics = 32
  3.3.3 Factors influencing duration of ground motion = 35
4 SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS FOR A SITE = 37
 4.1 Method of seismic hazard analysis = 37
  4.1.1 Deterministic method = 37
  4.1.2 Probabilistic method = 38
 4.2 Analysis of seismicity = 38
  4.2.1 Necessary information for seismicity analysis = 39
  4.2.2 Potential earthquake zone = 39
  4.2.3 Determination of upper limit magnitude of the potential earthquake zone = 40
  4.2.4 Determination of seismicity parameters = 40
 4.3 Seismic hazard analysis = 42
  4.3.1 Random process model of earthquake occurrence = 42
  4.3.2 Numerical model of seismic hazard = 42
  4.3.3 Influence of factor of uncertainty on seismic hazard analysis = 49
 4.4 Protective measures against seismic hazards for siting in documented areas = 50
  4.4.1 Specific criteria in seismic hazards application = 50
  4.4.2 Seismic hazard exposure group = 51
  4.4.3 Seismic performance category = 52
  4.4.4 Quality assurance = 52
5 EVALUATION OF SEISMIC PARAMETERS OF A SITE = 53
 5.1 Classification of site = 53
  5.1.1 Criteria of site classification = 53
  5.1.2 Overlying stratum = 53
  5.1.3 Methods of site classification = 54
 5.2 Determination of design earthquake parameters = 55
  5.2.1 Intensity of ground motion = 55
  5.2.2 Determination of design spectrum = 56
 5.3 Acceleration-Time history for seismic design = 56
  5.3.1 The modes of ground motions = 56
  5.3.2 Seismic design parameters = 58
  5.3.3 Choice of practical seismic input = 59
6 SEISMIC EFFECT OF FAULT AND FAULTING = 60
 6.1 Definition and classification of fault and faulting = 60
  6.1.1 Active fault = 60
  6.1.2 Causative fault and capable fault = 61
  6.1.3 Non-active fault = 61
  6.1.4 Tectonic rupture in soil = 61
 6.2 Causative fault in seismic hazard zoning = 61
  6.2.1 Identification of causative fault = 62
  6.2.2 Fault length versus magnitude = 62
 6.3 Influence of causative fault on earthquake intensity = 63
  6.3.1 Earthquake intensity along the causative fault zone = 63
  6.3.2 Earthquake intensity at the intersection of causative fault and non-causative fault = 64
  6.3.3 Earthquake intensity along non-causative faults = 64
 6.4 Surface faulting = 64
  6.4.1 Recurrence of surface faulting = 64
  6.4.2 Possible size of surface faulting = 65
  6.4.3 Dislocation of surface faulting = 66
  6.4.4 Influence of overburden on surface faulting = 66
  6.4.5 Important role of surface faulting in seismicity evaluation = 67
 6.5 Evaluation on active fault and counter measures = 68
  6.5.1 Non-causative fault = 68
  6.5.2 Causative fault = 68
 6.6 Ground rupture = 68
  6.6.1 Tectonic rupture and its seismic effect = 68
  6.6.2 Non-tectonic ground rupture = 69
7 SEISMIC LIQUEFACTION OF SOIL = 70
 7.1 Fundamental concept of liquefaction = 70
  7.1.1 Definition of liquefaction = 70
  7.1.2 Liquefaction potential = 71
 7.2 Factors and their limiting values = 72
  7.2.1 Threshold value of earthquake intensity causing liquefaction = 72
  7.2.2 Maximum epicentral distance = 72
  7.2.3 Maximum depth of liquefiable soil = 72
  7.2.4 Maximum depth of groundwater table = 73
  7.2.5 Kinds and characteristics of liquefiable soils = 73
 7.3 Evaluation of liquefaction potential = 73
  7.3.1 Macroscopic evaluation = 73
  7.3.2 Microscopic evaluation = 73
 7.4 Laboratory assessment = 75
  7.4.1 Dynamic triaxial testing = 76
  7.4.2 Dynamic simple shear testing = 78
 7.5 In situ testing for liquefaction potential = 78
  7.5.1 Standard Penetration Test (SPT) = 78
  7.5.2 Cone Penetration Test (CPT) = 79
  7.5.3 Method based on shear wave velocity = 79
 7.6 Energy method for liquefaction potential evaluation = 81
  7.6.1 Deterministic approach = 81
  7.6.2 Probabilistic approach = 82
 7.7 Reliability analysis for liquefaction potential evaluation = 87
 7.8 Prediction of liquefaction hazard = 87
 7.9 Dual effect of liquefaction on earthquake damage = 88
  7.9.1 Evidence from historical events = 88
  7.9.2 Conceptual explanation = 89
8 LANDSLIDES AND SLOPE STABILITY UNDER SEISMIC ACTION = 90
 8.1 Earthquake induced landslides = 90
 8.2 Genesis and categories of earthquake induced landslides = 91
  8.2.1 Earthquake induced landslides in plain areas = 91
  8.2.2 Earthquake induced landslides in mountainous areas = 91
 8.3 Stability evaluation of earthquake induced landslide = 91
  8.3.1 Qualitative evaluation = 92
  8.3.2 Quantitative evaluation = 92
 8.4 Geotechnical investigation of slope stability evaluation = 95
9 GROUND WAVING AND ITS DAMAGING EFFECT = 97
 9.1 Case histories = 97
  9.1.1 Torsional ground waving = 97
  9.1.2 Stationary wave destruction = 99
  9.1.3 Rhythmic destruction = 100
  9.1.4 Influence of ground waving on lengthy structures = 103
 9.2 Brief review of relevant research and knowledge = 103
  9.2.1 Torsional motions = 103
  9.2.2 Stationary wave destruction = 107
  9.2.3 Rhythmic destruction = 107
 9.3 Counter-measures to ground waving damages = 108
  9.3.1 Rules of verification = 108
  9.3.2 Preventive counter measures = 108
REFERENCES = 111
References in Chinese = 114