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| 010 | ▼a 2016354 | |
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| 040 | ▼a TEF ▼c TEF ▼d COU ▼d 211009 | |
| 049 | 1 | ▼l 121082077 ▼f 과학 |
| 050 | 4 | ▼a QP376 ▼b .B714 2002 |
| 082 | 0 4 | ▼a 612.82 ▼2 21 |
| 090 | ▼a 612.82 ▼b B8144-2 | |
| 245 | 0 0 | ▼a Brain mapping : ▼b the methods / ▼c edited by Arthur W. Toga, John C. Mazziotta. |
| 250 | ▼a 2nd ed. | |
| 260 | ▼a Amsterdam ; ▼a Boston : ▼b Academic Press, ▼c c2002. | |
| 300 | ▼a xvii, 877 p. : ▼b ill. (some col.) ; ▼c 29 cm. | |
| 504 | ▼a Includes bibliographical references and index. | |
| 650 | 0 | ▼a Brain mapping ▼x Methodology. |
| 650 | 1 2 | ▼a Brain Mapping ▼x methods. |
| 650 | 2 2 | ▼a Brain ▼x anatomy & histology. |
| 650 | 2 2 | ▼a Brain ▼x physiology. |
| 650 | 2 2 | ▼a Magnetic Resonance Imaging ▼x methods. |
| 700 | 1 | ▼a Toga, Arthur W. |
| 700 | 1 | ▼a Mazziotta, John C. |
소장정보
| No. | 소장처 | 청구기호 | 등록번호 | 도서상태 | 반납예정일 | 예약 | 서비스 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. 1 | 소장처 과학도서관/Sci-Info(2층서고)/ | 청구기호 612.82 B8144-2 | 등록번호 121082077 (11회 대출) | 도서상태 대출가능 | 반납예정일 | 예약 | 서비스 |
컨텐츠정보
책소개
Investigation of the functional architecture of the human brain using modern noninvasive imaging techniques is a rapidly expanding area of research. A proper knowledge of methodology is needed to appreciate the burgeoning literature in the field. This timely publication provides an excellent catalogue of the main techniques.
The authors offer an invaluable analysis of mapping strategies and techniques, providing everything from the foundations to the major pitfalls and practical applications of the modern techniques used in neuroimaging. Contains over 1000 full color pages with more than 200 color figures.
Feature
Spanning the methodological gamut from the molecular level to the whole brain while discussing anatomy, physiology, and pathology, as well as their integration, Brain Mapping: The Methods, Second Edition, brings the reader a comprehensive, well-illustrated and entirely readable description of the methods for brain mapping. Drs. Toga and Mazziotta provide everything from the foundations to the major pitfalls and practical applications of the technique by assembling an impressive group of experts, all widely known in their field, who contribute an outstanding set of chapters.정보제공 :
목차
CONTENTS Contributors = xi Preface = xv Acknowledgments = xvii Ⅰ Introduction 1 Introduction to Cartography of the Brain / Arthur W. Toga ; John C. Mazziotta Ⅰ. Introduction to Cartography = 3 Ⅱ. The Dimensions of a Brain Map = 6 Ⅲ. The Full Scope of Brain Mapping = 11 Ⅳ. Relationships to Other Biological Maps = 14 Ⅴ. Stereotaxy = 15 Ⅵ. Nomenclature = 17 Ⅶ. Detection Devices = 18 Ⅷ. Brain Maps : Content and Format = 21 Ⅸ. Summary = 25 References = 26 2 Time and Space / John C. Mazziotta Ⅰ. Introduction = 33 Ⅱ. Critical Variables in Brain Mapping Techniques = 34 Ⅲ. The Concept of Resolution = 36 Ⅳ. Sampling = 40 Ⅴ. Sites Accessed = 43 Ⅵ. Invasiveness = 44 Ⅶ. Conclusions = 44 References = 45 Ⅱ Surface-Based Data Acquisition 3 Optical Imaging of Neural Structure and Physiology : Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy in Live Brain Slices / Michael E. Dailey Ⅰ. Introduction = 49 Ⅱ. Live Brain Slice Preparation and Culture = 51 Ⅲ. Labeling Neuronal and Glial Cells in Brain Tissue Slices = 52 Ⅳ. Imaging Methodology = 57 Ⅴ. Application : Mapping Neural Structure and Physiology in Developing Brain Slices = 61 Ⅵ. Conclusions and Future Prospects = 71 References = 73 4 Voltage and Calcium Imaging of Brain Activity : Examples from the Turtle and the Mouse / Matt Wachowiak ; Chun X. Falk ; Lawrence B. Cohen ; Michal R. Zochowski Ⅰ. Why (and Why Not) Voltage and Calcium Imaging = 77 Ⅱ. Signal Type = 78 Ⅲ. Dyes = 78 Ⅳ. Amplitude of the Voltage or Calcium Change = 81 Ⅴ. Noise in the Optical Measurements = 81 Ⅵ. Light Sources = 83 Ⅶ. Optics = 83 Ⅷ. Cameras = 84 Ⅸ. Comparison of Local Field Potential and Voltage-Sensitive Dye Recording = 85 Ⅹ. Voltage-Sensitive Dye Recording in the Turtle Olfactory Bulb = 85 XI. Calcium Dye Recording in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb = 89 XII. Intrinsic Imaging and Fluorescence Signals from In Vivo Mammalian Brain = 93 XIII. Summary and Future Directions = 93 References = 94 5 Optical Imaging Based on Intrinsic Signals / Nader Pouratian ; Arthur W. Toga Ⅰ. Introduction = 97 Ⅱ. Sources of Intrinsic Signals and Wavelength Dependency = 98 Ⅲ. Preparation of an Animal for Optical Imaging = 103 Ⅳ. The Apparatus = 107 Ⅴ. Data Acquisition = 112 Ⅵ. Data Analysis for Mapping Functional Architecture = 114 Ⅶ. Chronic Optical Imaging = 121 Ⅷ. Optical Imaging of the Human Neocortex = 123 Ⅸ. Combining Optical Imaging with Other Techniques = 125 Ⅹ. Applications = 130 XI. Comparison of Intrinsic Optical Imaging with Other Imaging Techniques = 135 XII. Conclusions and Outlook = 136 References = 137 6 Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging / Arno Villringer ; Hellmuth Obrig Ⅰ. Introduction = 141 Ⅱ. Optical Window for Noninvasive Studies = 142 Ⅲ. Other Optical Parameters Relevant for Near-Infrared Studies = 143 Ⅳ. Technical Approaches for Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging = 143 Ⅴ. Physiological Parameters of NIRS Measurements = 144 Ⅵ. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging : Applications = 149 Ⅶ. Practical Aspects of NIRS Measurements = 151 Ⅷ. Problems and Perspectives 155 References = 156 7 Dynamic Measurements of Local Cerebral Blood Flow : Examples from Rodent Whisker Barrel Cortex / Thomas A. Woolsey ; Ling Wei ; Joseph P. Erinjeri Ⅰ. Why Measure Local Cerebral Blood Flow? = 159 Ⅱ. Function and Structural Contexts = 160 Ⅲ. Global Tracers = 161 Ⅳ. Volatile Tracers = 162 Ⅴ. Doppler Flowmetry = 163 Ⅵ. Video Microscopy = 163 Ⅶ. Localization of Activity Changes = 164 Ⅷ. Diameter = 165 Ⅸ. Intravascular Dyes = 166 Ⅹ. Intravascular Particles = 167 XI. Localization of Flow Changes = 169 XII. Conclusions and Prospects = 169 References = 170 8 Electrophysiological Imaging of Brain Function / Alan Gevins Ⅰ. Introduction = 175 Ⅱ. The Electroencephalogram and Averaged Event-Related Potentials = 176 Ⅲ. Improving the Spatial Resolution of the Electroencephalogram = 179 Ⅳ. Analysis of Functional Networks = 183 Ⅴ. The EEG as a Monitoring (vs Imaging) Modality = 185 Ⅵ. Summary and Conclusions = 186 References = 186 9 Electrophysiological Methods for Mapp Brain Motor and Sensory Circuits / Paul D. Cheney Ⅰ. Introduction and Historical Perspective Ⅱ. Structural versus Functional Brain Maps = 191 Ⅲ. Strengths of Electrophysiological Mapping Methods Compared to Other Brain Mapping Methods = 191 Ⅳ. Contrasts between Sensory versus Motor System Mapping = 192 Ⅴ. Output Measures for Mapping Motor System Organization = 194 Ⅵ. Electrical Stimulation and Other Input Measures for Mapping Motor System Organization = 195 Ⅶ. Mapping Motor Output with Transcranial Stimulation of Cortex = 197 Ⅷ. Mapping Motor Output with Electrical Stimulation of the Cortical Surface = 205 Ⅸ. Mapping Motor Output with Intracortical Microstimulation (ICMS) = 209 Ⅹ. Mapping Motor Output with High-Density Microelectrode Arrays = 211 XI. Mapping Motor Output with Spike-Triggered Averaging of EMG Activity from Single Neurons = 213 XII. Mapping Motor Output with Stimulus-Triggered Averaging of EMG Activity (Single-Pulse ICMS) = 216 XIII. Comparison of Results from Spike-Triggered Averaging Stimulus-Triggered Averaging and Repetitive ICMS = 219 XIV. Mapping the Output Terminations of Single Neurons Electrophysiologically = 221 XV. The Future of Electrophysiological Mapping = 222 References = 223 10 Magnetoencephalographic Characterization of Dynamic Brain Activation : Basic Principles and Methods of Data Collection and Source Analysis / Matti H$$\ddot a$$ m$$\ddot a$$ l$$\ddot a$$ inen ; Riitta Hari Ⅰ. Introduction = 227 Ⅱ. Generation of Neuromagnetic Fields = 228 Ⅲ. Instrumentation and Data Acquisition = 233 Ⅳ. Source Analysis = 238 Ⅴ. Neuromagnetic Studies = 244 Ⅵ. Conclusions and Future Directions = 248 References = 250 11 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Alvaro Pascual-leone ; Vincent Walsh Ⅰ. Introduction = 255 Ⅱ. Basic Principles of Magnetic Brain Stimulation = 256 Ⅲ. TMS in Clinical Neurophysiology = 263 Ⅳ. TMS in Cognitive Neuroscience = 270 Ⅴ. TMS Limitations = 279 References = 285 Ⅲ Tomographic-Based Data Acquisition 12 High-Field Magnetic Resonance / Kamil Ugurbil Ⅰ. Introduction = 291 Ⅱ. Signal-to-Noise Ratio = 292 Ⅲ. Functional Brain Imaging = 293 Ⅳ. Spectroscopy at High Magnetic Fields = 306 References = 311 13 Functional MRI / Joseph B. Mandeville ; Bruce R. Rosen Ⅰ. Introduction = 315 Ⅱ. MRI : A Brief Primer = 316 Ⅲ. From MRI to fMRI = 320 Ⅳ. Physics and Physiology = 322 Ⅴ. Sensitivity = 330 Ⅵ. Resolution = 336 Ⅶ. Structure-Function Integration = 343 Ⅷ. Future = 344 References = 344 14 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging / Andrew A. Maudsley Ⅰ. Introduction = 351 Ⅱ. Basics of in Vivo MR Spectroscopy = 352 Ⅲ. MRSI Data Acquisition Methods = 357 Ⅳ. Data Processing Methods = 361 Ⅴ. MRSJ Data Analysis = 366 Ⅵ. Applications = 371 Ⅶ. Emerging Technologies = 373 Ⅷ. Conclusion = 373 References = 374 15 Principles Methods and Applications of Diffusion Tensor Imaging / Susumu Mori Ⅰ. Diffusion Measurement by NMR = 379 Ⅱ. Diffusion Tensor Imaging = 384 Ⅲ. Data Visualization and Analysis of DTI = 388 Ⅳ. Application Studies = 391 Ⅴ. Summary = 395 References = 395 16 Neuroanatomical Micromagnetic Resonance Imaging / P. T. Narasimhan ; Russell E. Jacobs Ⅰ. introduction = 399 Ⅱ. Magnetic Resonance Basics = 400 Ⅲ. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Basics = 403 Ⅳ. k Space and MR Images = 405 Ⅴ. Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) = 406 Ⅵ. T1- and T2-lnduced Contrasts = 407 Ⅶ. Diffusion-Weighted Perfusion and Water Displacement Imaging = 409 Ⅷ. Microscopic MRI = 411 Ⅸ. Micromagnetic Resonance Imaging of the Nervous System = 413 Ⅹ. Concluding Remarks = 419 References = 421 17 CT Angiography and CT Perfusion Imaging / M. H. lev ; R. G. Gonzalez Ⅰ. Introduction = 427 Ⅱ. Technical Background = 431 Ⅲ. Scanning Protocols : Acquisition Postprocessing Analysis and Interpretation = 456 Ⅳ. Clinical Utility = 462 Ⅴ. Conclusions = 476 References = 478 18 Imaging Brain Function with Positron Emission Tomography / Simon R. Cherry ; Michael E. Phelps Ⅰ. Introduction = 485 Ⅱ. Basic Overview and Principles of PET = 486 Ⅲ. Preparation of Positron-Labeled Compounds = 487 Ⅳ. PET Scanners = 489 Ⅴ. PET Data Correction and Image Reconstruction = 494 Ⅵ. Tracer Kinetic Models = 498 Ⅶ. Task-Specific Mapping of the Human Brain = 501 Ⅷ. Mapping Brain Function in Development and Disease = 504 Ⅸ. High-Resolution PET Studies in Animal Models = 506 Ⅹ. Summary = 508 References = 508 19 SPECT Functional Brain Imaging / Michael D. Devous, Sr. Ⅰ. Introduction = 513 Ⅱ. Instrumentation = 514 Ⅲ. Radiopharmaceuticals = 520 Ⅳ. Factors That Affect Image Appearance = 525 Ⅴ. Intercomparison of Neuroimaging Techniques for the Quantification of rCBF = 528 Ⅵ. Radiation Risk Issues = 532 Ⅶ. Conclusions = 533 References = 533 Ⅳ Postmortem 20 Postmortem Anatomy / Jacopo Annese ; Arthur W. Toga Ⅰ. Introduction = 537 Ⅱ. The Representation of Anatomy = 538 Ⅲ. The Specimen = 539 Ⅳ. Preservation of Anatomical Information = 541 Ⅴ. Preparing the Specimen for Cutting = 543 Ⅵ. Histological Slides = 544 Ⅶ. Histological Methods = 546 Ⅷ. Anatomical Visualization = 553 Ⅸ. Quantification = 557 Ⅹ. 3D Reconstruction = 558 XI. Epilogue = 562 References = 564 21 Ouantitative Analysis of Cyto- and Receptor Architecture of the Human Brain / Karl Zilles ; Axel Schleicher ; Nicola Palomero-Gallagher ; Katrin Amunts Ⅰ. Introduction = 573 Ⅱ. Principles of Cytoarchitectonic Analysis Ⅲ. Observer-Independent Mapping of the Human Cerebral Cortex = 579 Ⅳ. Quantitative Autoradiography of Different Receptor Binding Sites = 587 Ⅴ. Perspectives of Architectonic Mapping References = 599 Ⅴ Analysis 22 Statistics Ⅰ : Experimental Design and Statistical Parametric Mapping / Karl J. Friston Ⅰ. Introduction = 605 Ⅱ. Functional Specialization and Integration = 606 Ⅲ. Spatial Realignment and Normalization = 607 Ⅳ. Statistical Parametric Mapping = 610 Ⅴ. Experimental Design = 616 Ⅵ. Designing fMRI Studies = 618 Ⅶ. Inferences about Subjects and Populations = 624 Ⅷ. Effective Connectivity = 626 References = 630 23 Statistics Ⅱ : Correlation of Brain Structure and Function / Roger P. Woods Ⅰ. Introduction = 633 Ⅱ. Intrasubject Multimodal Integration = 635 Ⅲ. Clinical Examples of Intrasubject Multimodal Registration = 640 Ⅳ. Intersubject Multimodal Integration = 649 Ⅴ. Conclusion = 657 References = 657 24 Advanced Nonrigid Registration Algorithms for Image Fusion / Simon K. Warfield ; Alexandre Guimond ; Alexis Roche ; Aditya Bharatha ; Alida Tei ; Florin Talos ; Jan Rexilius ; Juan Ruiz- Azola ; Carl-Fredrik Westin ; Steven Haker ; Sigurd Angenent ; Allen Tannenbaum ; Ferenc Jolesz ; Ron Kikinis Ⅰ. Introduction = 661 Ⅱ. Intermodality and Multicontrast Images = 662 Ⅲ. Image Fusion during Neurosurgery with a Blomechanical Model of Brain Deformation = 668 Ⅳ. Physics-Based Regularization with an Empirical Model of Anatomical Variability = 674 Ⅴ. Registration of Diffusion Tensor Images = 677 Ⅵ. The Monge-Kantorovich Problem and Image registration = 683 References = 687 25 Combination of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Brain Mapping / Tom$$\acute a$$ $$\check s$$ Paus Ⅰ. Introduction = 691 Ⅱ. Neurophysiological Underpinnings of the Signal = 691 Ⅲ. Combination of TMS and Brain Mapping = 693 Ⅳ. Conclusion = 702 References = 703 26 Volume Visualization / Andreas Pommert ; Ulf Tiede ; Karl Heinz H$$\ddot o$$ hne Ⅰ. Introduction = 707 Ⅱ. Segmentation = 709 Ⅲ. Surface Extraction = 711 Ⅳ. Direct Volume Visualization = 712 Ⅴ. Visualization of Transformed Data = 717 Ⅵ. Image Fusion = 717 Ⅶ. Intelligent Visualization = 718 Ⅷ. Image Quality = 720 Ⅸ. Conclusions = 720 References = 721 Ⅵ Databases and Atlases 27 The International Consortium for Brain Mapping : A Probabilistic Atlas and Reference System for the Human Brain / John Mazziotta for the International Consortium for Brain Mapping Ⅰ. Introduction = 727 Ⅱ. Motivation for Developing a Probabilistic Human Brain Atlas = 728 Ⅲ. Strategy and Rationale = 729 Ⅳ. Methods and Results = 741 Ⅴ. Other Issues = 749 Ⅵ. Limitations and Deliverables = 749 Ⅶ. Conclusions = 750 References = 751 28 Subpopulation Brain Atlases / Paul M. Thompson ; Michael S. Mega ; Arthur W. Toga Ⅰ. Population-Based Brain Imaging = 757 Ⅱ. Atlases in Brain Mapping = 759 Ⅲ. Anatomical Modeling = 761 Ⅳ. Population Maps of the Cortex = 766 Ⅴ. Brain Averaging = 773 Ⅵ. Atlas Statistics : Probabilistic Atlases = 775 Ⅶ. Applications to Development and Disease = 779 Ⅷ. Dynamic Brain Maps = 780 Ⅸ. Genetic Brain Maps = 784 Ⅹ. Subpopulation Selections = 786 XI. Conclusions = 788 References = 788 Ⅶ Emerging Concepts 29 Radionuclide Imaging of Reporter Gene Expression / Gobalakrishnan Sundaresan ; Sanjiv S. Gambhir Ⅰ. Overview of Molecular Imaging = 799 Ⅱ. Instrumentation for Molecular Imaging = 800 Ⅲ. Reporter Genes = 800 Ⅳ. Adapting the Reporter Gene Concept for Radionuclide Imaging = 801 Ⅴ. Application of in Vivo Reporter Gene Imaging to Monitor Gene Therapy Regimens = 806 Ⅵ. Indirect Imaging of Endogenous Gene Expression through Coupling Endogenous Promoters with Reporter Genes = 809 Ⅶ. Antisense Reporter Probes for Imaging Endogenous Gene Expression in Vivo = 812 Ⅷ. Nonradionuclide Approaches to Reporter Gene Imaging = 812 Ⅸ. Specific Issues for Neuroscience Applications = 813 Ⅹ. Human Gene Therapy of Brain Tumors and Imaging Studies = 813 XI. Conclusion = 815 References = 815 30 Mapping Gene Expression by MRI / Angelique Y. Louie ; Joseph A. Duimstra ; Thomas J. Meade Ⅰ. Introduction = 819 Ⅱ. MRI Contrast Agents = 819 Ⅲ. Biochemically Activated MR Contrast Agents = 821 Ⅳ. Targeted MR Contrast Agents = 823 Ⅴ. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Gene Expression = 825 Ⅵ. Conclusion = 827 References = 827 31 Speculations about the Future / John C. Mazziotta ; Arthur W. Toga Ⅰ. Introduction = 831 Ⅱ. Previous Predictions and Their Outcomes = 831 Ⅲ. New Predictions = 840 Ⅳ. Conclusion = 853 References = 853 Index = 859