CONTENTS
FOREWORD
Chapter 1. The Communal Societies of Prehistoric Times
The Paleolithic Age = 1
The Appearance of Neolithic Man = 3
Society and Culture in the Neolithic Period = 5
Chapter 2. Walled-Town States and Confederated Kingdoms
Bronze Age Culture = 9
Old Chos$$\breve on and Wiman Chos$$\breve on = 11
The Formation of Confederated Kingdoms : Puy $$\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\smile$}}\over o} $$, Kogury$$\breve o, and the State of Chin = 15
Society and Polity in the Confederated Kingdoms = 18
Culture in the Confederated Kingdoms Period = 21
Chapter 3. Aristocratic Societies Under Monarchical Rule
The Development of the Three Kingdoms : Kogury $$\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\smile$}}\over o} $$, Paekche, and Silla = 24
The Foreign Relation of the Three Kingdoms = 30
Political and Social Structure of the Three Kingdoms = 32
The Aristocratic Culture of the Three Kingdoms = 36
Chapter 4. The Fashioning of an Authoritarian Monarchy
The Silla Unification and the Founding of the Parhae Kingdom = 42
The Government and Society of Unified Silla = 46
The Flourishing of Silla Culture = 50
The Society and Culture of Parhae = 55
Chapter 5. The Age of Powerful Gentry Families
Conflict Within the Hereditary Status System = 57
The Rise of Powerful Local Gentry = 58
The Later Three Kingdoms = 60
Unification by Kory$$\breve o = 62
Culture of the Gentry Period = 64
Chapter 6. The Hereditary Aristocratic Order of Kory $$\mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\smile$}}\over o} $$
Beginnings of Kory$$\breve o's Aristocratic Order = 68
The Aristocratic Ruling Structure = 70
Aristocratic Society and the Economic Stricture = 74
Foreign Relations = 76
Aristocratic Culture = 79
Disturbances in the Aristocratic Order = 84
Chapter 7. Rule by the Military
The Military Seize Power = 86
Peasant and Slave Uprisings = 88
The Military Rule of the Ch'oe = 89
The Struggle with the Mongols = 91
The Culture of the Age of the Military = 93
Chapter 8. Emergence of the Literati
The Pro-Y$$\ddot u$$an Policy and the Powerful Families = 95
Emergence of the Literati = 98
The Founding of the Chos$$\breve o$$n(Yi)Dynasty = 100
The Culture of the New Literati Class = 102
Chapter 9. The Creation of a Yangban Society
The Development of Yangban Society in Chos$$\breve o$$n = 107
Administrative Structure of the Yangban Bureaucratic State = 109
Social and Economic Structure of the Yangban Bureaucratic State = 115
Foreign Policy of Early Chos$$\breve o$$n = 122
Yangban Bureaucratic Culture = 124
Chapter 10. The Rise of the Neo-Confucian Literati
Changes in Society under Rule by the Meritorious Elite = 132
Emergence of the Neo-Confucian Literati = 135
The Struggle Against the Japanese and Manchus = 143
The Culture of the Neo-Confucian Literati = 151
Chapter 11. Economic Advances and Intellectual Ferment
Government by Powerful Lineages = 155
Changes in the System of Tax Collection = 157
Economic Growth = 159
Sirhak and Other Intellectual Concerns = 164
Science and Technology = 171
New Modes of Expression in the Arts = 173
Chapter 12. Dynastic Disarray and National Peril
Government by Royal In-Law Families = 178
Tremors in the Yangban Status System = 180
Ideologies of Change and Acts of Resistance = 183
Development of a Popular Culture = 188
The Reform and Isolationist Policy of the Taew$$\breve o$$n'gun = 192
Chapter 13. Growth of the Forces of Enlightenment
Enlightenment Policy and Reaction Against It = 199
The Enlightenment Party's Abortive Reform = 208
The Uprisings of the Tonghak Peasant Army = 214
The Reform Movement of 1894-1896 = 222
Chapter 14. Incipient Nationalism and Imperialist Aggression
The Independence Club = 231
Japanese Aggression and the Annexation of korea = 236
Korean Resistance Against Japanese Aggression = 241
Development of a Modern Nationalistic Culture = 247
Chapter 15. The First Phase of Japanese Rule, 1910-1919
The Theory and Structure of the Colonial State = 254
The First Decade of Colonial Rule, the "Dark Period, " 1910-1919 = 260
The Japanese Land Survey = 264
Communications and Economic Development = 269
The Korean Nationalist Movement in Exile = 273
Chapter 16. Nationalism and Social Revolution, 1919-1931
The March First Movement = 276
The Cultural Policy Reforms = 281
Cultural and Political Renaissance = 286
Cultural Nationalism : Gradualism and National Independence = 289
Leftist Thought and Political Controversy = 296
United Front Tactics and Korean Communism = 299
Chalky 17. Forced Assimilation, Mobilization, and War
The Japanese Advance in Asia = 305
Agriculture, Industry, and Labor Mobilization = 306
Forced Assimilation and War Mobilization = 314
The Last Phase of Colonial Rule, 1941-1945 = 320
Chapter 18. Liberation, Division, and War, 1945-1953
The Colonial Legacy, and the Transfer of Power = 327
Soviet-U.S. Rivalry and the Division of the Peninsula = 333
The American Occupation = 337
The Emergence of Separate States = 339
The Korean War, 1950-1953 = 344
Chapter 19. Authoritarianism and Protest, 1948-1990
Syngman Rhee and the First Republic = 348
The April Revolution (1960) and the Second Republic = 352
The Park Clung Hee Era = 359
Opposition, Mutiny, Insurrection, and Coup = 368
The Fifth Republic of Chun Doo Hwan, 1981-1988 = 375
The Sixth Republic and Prospects for Democracy = 384
Chapter 20. Economic Development in Historical Perspective, 1945-1990
International Factors = 189
Internal Social and Political Factors = 399
The Role of Culture and Timing = 406
Problems and Prospects = 412
Index = 419
