Primary Source Readings p. xi
Preface to the Second Edition p. xiii
Maps p. xv
Introduction p. 1
1 The Origins p. 9
The Koreans p. 9
Early Inhabitants p. 10
The Age of Rice Farming Begins p. 12
Sources for Early Korea p. 15
Choson p. 16
The Chinese Commanderies p. 17
Chinese Commanderies and Their Neighbors: The Northern Peoples p. 19
Chinese Commanderies and Their Neighbors: The Southern Peoples p. 21
Politics of the Third Century p. 23
Korea in Global Perspective: 5,000 Years of History p. 24
Notes p. 25
2 The Period of the Three Kingdoms, Fourth Century to 676 p. 29
The Emergence of the Three Kingdoms p. 30
The Wa and Mimana p. 33
Korea and Northeast Asia in the Fourth and Fifth Centuries p. 35
Culture and Society of the Three Kingdoms p. 36
The Bone-Ranks, the Hwabaek, and the Hmarang p. 41
The Changing Environment of the Sixth and Seventh Centuries p. 45
The Unification of Korea under Silla p. 47
Korea in Global Perspective: State Formation p. 48
Notes p. 50
3 Late Silla, 676 to 935 p. 53
The Peninsular Kingdom p. 53
Consolidation of Central Monarchical Rule under, Silla, 676-780 p. 54
Silla and the Chinese Model p. 56
Supporting the Silla State p. 57
Silla Society p. 61
Religion and Aristocratic Culture p. 63
Silla and Its Neighbors p. 68
Parhae p. 71
The Decline of Silla p. 74
The Later Three Kingdoms p. 75
Korea in Global Perspective: Silla''s Rise and Fall p. 77
Notes p. 80
4 Koryo, 935 to 1170 p. 83
The New Koryo State p. 83
Koryo in East Asia p. 91
Internal Politics, 935-1170 p. 94
Koryo Culture p. 96
The Samguk Sagi p. 100
Koryo Society p. 102
Korea in Global, Perspective: Koryo''s Examination System p. 105
Notes p. 108
5 Military Rulers and Mongol Invaders, 1170 to 1392 p. 111
Military Rule p. 111
Son Buddhism p. 115
Korea, Japan, and Feudal Europe p. 116
The Mongol Invasions p. 118
The Legacy of the Mongol Period p. 121
Late Koryo Society p. 123
The End of the Koryo p. 124
Late Koryo Culture p. 126
The Rise of Neo-Confucianism p. 126
Korea in Global Perspective: The Mongols and Korea p. 131
Notes p. 133
6 The Neo-Confucian Revolution and the Choson State, 1392 to the Eighteenth Century p. 135
Establishing the Yi Dynasty p. 135
The Neo-Confucianist Project p. 137
The Choson State p. 140
The Censorate and the Classics Mat p. 141
Historians p. 143
The Examination System p. 144
Education p. 147
Agricultural Improvements and the State p. 149
Military and Foreign Affairs p. 150
The Japanese and Manchu Invasions p. 154
Competition for Power among the Elite p. 158
Choson Politics in Perspective p. 162
Korea in Global Perspective: Choson as an Ideologically Driven State p. 163
Notes p. 165
7 Choson Society p. 167
The Family p. 168
Women During the Yi Dynasty p. 171
Social Structure p. 175
Slaves and Outcastes p. 178
Crime and Punishment p. 182
Religious Beliefs and Practices p. 184
Philosophy p. 187
Arts, Literature, and Science p. 190
Technology and Inventions p. 194
Korea in Global Perspective: Women in Korea p. 195
Korea in Global Perspective: Choson''s Social Hierarchy p. 196
Notes p. 199
8 Late Choson, Early Eighteenth Century to 1876 p. 201
The Politics of Late Choson p. 202
Late Choson and the Confucian World Order p. 203
Korean Travelers to China and Japan p. 206
Taxation and Reform p. 209
Agriculture p. 212
Commerce and Trade p. 213
Cultural Flowering of Late Choson p. 216
Sirhak p. 222
Everyday Life p. 224
Korea in the Nineteenth Century: The "Hermit Kingdom" p. 227
Internal Problems in the Nineteenth Century p. 228
Korea in Global Perspective: The Hermit Kingdom? p. 234
Notes p. 237
9 Korea in the Age of Imperialism, 1876 to 1910 p. 241
Early Contacts with the West p. 241
The Opening of Korea p. 246
Early Reforms, 1876-1884 p. 250
The Chinese Decade, 1885-1894 p. 256
The Tonghak Rebellion p. 259
Kabo Reforms p. 262
The Russian Ascendency and the Independence Club p. 265
The Russo-Japanese War and the Protectorate p. 268
The Protectorate, 1905-1910 p. 271
Korea in Transition p. 274
Korea in Global Perspective: Korea in the Age of Imperialism p. 276
Notes p. 280
10 Colonial Korea, 1910 to 1945 p. 283
The March First Movement p. 285
The Post-March First Period p. 287
Cultural Ferment of the 1920s p. 289
Moderate and Radical Nationalism p. 290
Economic Development p. 298
Modernity and Social Change p. 300
Rural Society p. 307
Wartime Colonialism, 1931-1945 p. 311
Forced Assimilation p. 314
A Society in Turmoil: The Legacy of Colonial Rule p. 315
Korea in Global Perspective: The Korean Nationalist Movement p. 318
Korea in Global Perspective: Korea''s Colonial Experience p. 319
Notes p. 322
11 Division and War, 1945 to 1953 p. 325
The End of Colonial Rule in Korea p. 328
North Korea under Soviet Occupation p. 329
South Korea under U.S. Occupation p. 331
Trusteeship p. 333
Establishing a Separate Regime in the North p. 333
The Beginnings of a New Regime in the South p. 335
Toward Division p. 336
The Republic of Korea p. 338
The Democratic People''s Republic of Korea p. 340
On the Eve of the Korean War p. 341
The Korean War p. 344
The Impact of the Korean War p. 352
Korea in Global Perspective: Divided Countries p. 354
Korea in Global Perspective: The Korean War p. 355
Notes p. 358
12 North Korea: Recovery, Transformation, and Decline, 1953 to 1993 p. 361
The Divergent Paths of the Two Koreas p. 361
North Korea''s Recovery p. 362
North Korea''s Great Leap Forward p. 364
The Political Consolidation of Kim II Sung and His Manchurian Guerrilla Comrades p. 367
Creating a Monolithic State p. 369
The Cult of the Kim Family p. 371
Kim II Sung''s Juche Society p. 373
Everyday Life p. 377
Foreign Policy p. 382
Economic Problems p. 387
Korea in Global Perspective: North Korea as a Communist Country p. 390
Notes p. 395
13 South Korea: From Poverty to Prosperity, 1953 to 1997 p. 399
The Syngman Rhee Years, 1953-1960 p. 399
The Democratic Experiment, 1960-1961 p. 402
The Military Coup p. 404
Economic Transformation p. 407
Economic Growth under Park Chung Hee p. 409
Chaebols p. 415
Transformation of the Countryside p. 418
Economic Development in the 1980s p. 420
Explaining South Korea''s Economic Miracle p. 421
Education p. 424
Korea in Global Perspective: Educational Development p. 426
Korea in Global Perspective: Economic Development p. 428
Notes p. 430
14 South Korea: Creating a Democratic Society, 1953 to 1997 p. 433
Military Authoritarianism p. 433
The Yushin Era, 1971-1979 p. 435
Seoul Spring, 1979-1980 p. 439
The Fifth Republic p. 442
1987: A Political Turning Point p. 443
Transition to Democracy p. 446
Understanding the Democratic Turn p. 450
Student Activism p. 454
Organized Labor p. 456
Social and Cultural Transition p. 459
Korea in Global Perspective: Democratization p. 462
Notes p. 465
15 Contemporary North Korea, 1993 to 2015 p. 467
In Decline: A Period of Crisis p. 467
Under Kim Jong II p. 469
Ideology p. 470
Famine p. 472
Crisis and Summitry p. 474
Tentative Reforms p. 476
Confrontations and the Policy of Survival p. 479
North Korea Under Kim Jong Un p. 484
Korea in Global Perspective: North Korea''s Famine p. 489
Korea in Global Perspective: North Korea as a Failed State p. 490
Notes p. 495
16 Contemporary South Korea, 1997 to 2015 p. 497
Return to Civilian Government p. 497
Economic Crisis and Recovery p. 501
Domestic Politics p. 503
Foreign Policy p. 509
Rethinking Reunification p. 513
A Society Undergoing Rapid Change p. 514
Changing Gender Relations, Changing Families p. 518
Ethnic Homogeneity and Multiculturalism p. 521
Facing History and Preserving Heritage p. 522
New Crises and New Problems p. 525
Korea in Global Perspective: South Korea''s Place in the World p. 526
Notes p. 530
Conclusion p. 533
Appendix: Romanization p. 539
Glossary of Korean Words p. 543
Annotated Selected Bibliography p. 553
Index p. 571
About the Author p. 589
