CONTENTS
Preface = vii
Acknowledgments = ix
REQUIREMENTS AND TECHNIQUES = 1
An Appraisal of Program Specifications / B.H. Liskov ; V. Berzins = 3
Principles of Good Software Specification and their Implications for Specification Language / R. Balzer ; N. Goldman = 25
On the Inevitable Intertwining of Specification and Implementation / W. Swartout ; R. Balzer = 41
More Thoughts on Specification and Verification / J.A. Goguen = 47
PARTICULAR APPROACHES = 53
Notes on Type Abstraction / J.V. Guttag = 55
A Technique for Software Module specification with Examples / D.L. Parnas = 75
Systematic Program Development / C.B. Jones = 89
Using Assertions about traces to Write Abstract specifications for Software Modules / W. Bartusek ; D.L. Parnas = 111
An Operational approach to Requirements Specification for Embedded Systems / P. Zave = 131
CASE STUDIES = 171
Specifications : Formal and Informal - A Case Study / N.H. Gehani = 173
Formal Specification as a Design Tool / J.V. Guttag ; J.J. Horning = 187
Using Formal Specifications in the Design of a Human-Computer Interface / R.J.K. Jacob = 209
Formal Specification of a Display-Oriented Text Editor / B. Sufrin = 223
A Specification Schema for Indenting Programs / P. Mateti = 269
Program Specification Applied to a Text Formatter / M.S. Feather = 289
Specification and Verification of Communication Protocols in AFFIRM Using State Transition Models / C.A. Sunshine ; D.H. Thompson ; R.W. Erickson ; S.L. Gerhart ; D. Schwabe = 303
Executable Requirements for Embedded Systems / P. Zave ; R.T. Yeh = 341
SPECIFICATION SYSTEMS = 361
An Informal Introduction to Specifications using CLEAR / R.M. Burstall ; J.A. Goguen = 363
An Introduction to OBJ : A Language for Writing and Testing Formal Algebraic Program Specifications / J.A. Goguen ; J.J. Tardo = 391
GYPSY : A Language for Specification and Implementation of Verifiable Programs / A.L. Ambler ; D.I. Good ; J.C. Browne ; W.F. Burger ; R.M. Cohen ; C.G. Hoch ; R.E. Wells = 421
Rapid Prototyping and Requirements Specification using PDS / A. Klausner ; T.E. Konchan = 441
References = 455
