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A comprehensive presentation reflecting the author's experience as a consultant on hundreds of projects, the book provides a perfect balance between theory and practical application. The study of the physical properties of soils is highlighted, focusing on the relevance of these properties and their effect upon soil strength, compressibility, stability and drainage. Incorporates new topics not found in current books such as geoenvironmental, geosynthetics and legal aspects. Includes scores of photographs, example problems and several case studies.

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CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 Soil in Engineering = 1
  1.1 Introduction = 1
  1.2 Geotechnical Engineering - A General Perspective = 2
  1.3 Soil Mechanics - A BriefOverview of Its Evolution = 8
  1.4 General Approach to Solving Geotechnical Problems = 12
  1.5 On Standard of Performance ; Some Aspects Relevant to Professional Practice = 14
CHAPTER 2 Formation of Soil and Soil Deposits = 21
  2.1 Introduction = 21
  2.2 The Planet Earth - Its Origin and Composition = 22
  2.3 The Earth's Surface = 24
  2.4 The Geological Cycle = 26
  2.5 The Major Types of Rock = 28
  2.6 Clay Minerals = 35
  2.7 Rock Weathering = 42
  2.8 Water-Transported Soils = 44
  2.9 Wind-Transported Soils = 46
  2.10 Glaciers = 48
  2.11 Residual Soils = 49
  2.12 Sedimentary Deposits = 50
CHAPTER 3 Subsurface Exploration = 55
  3.1 Introduction = 55
  3.2 Scope of Exploration Program = 57
  3.3 Site Reconnaissance = 60
  3.4 Subsurface Exploration = 61
  3.5 Borings = 63
  3.6 Test Pits = 71
  3.7 Field Tests = 72
  3.8 Boring Logs = 77
CHAPTER 4 Physical and Index Properties of Soils = 85
  4.1 Introduction = 85
  4.2 Void Ratio and Porosity = 86
  4.3 Water Content and Degree of Saturation = 87
  4.4 Specific Gravity = 88
  4.5 Relative Density of Granular Soils = 99
  4.6 Consistency of Clays ; Atterberg Limits = 102
  4.7 Soil Classification = 105
CHAPTER 5 Permeability of Soils = 119
  5.1 Introduction = 119
  5.2 Flow Through Circular Capillary Tubes = 120
  5.3 Darcy's Law = 121
  5.4 Laboratory Permeability Tests = 124
  5.5 Authenticity of k Values from Laboratory Tests = 128
  5.6 Field Tests for Permeability = 129
  5.7 Factors that Influence Permeability = 130
CHAPTER 6 Capillarity = 137
  6.1 Introduction = 137
  6.2 Surface Tension = 138
  6.3 Pressure, Curvature, and Surface-Tension Relationship = 139
  6.4 Capillary Rise in Tubes = 140
  6.5 Capillary Tubes of Variable Radius = 143
  6.6 Capillary Phenomenon in Soils = 144
  6.7 Capillary Forces = 145
  6.8 Shrinkage, Swelling, and Frost Heave = 147
CHAPTER 7 Seepage = 149
  7.1 Introduction = 149
  7.2 Seepage Forces = 150
  7.3 Quick Condition = 151
  7.4 Elements of Flow Net Theory = 153
  7.5 Flow Nets - Two-Dimensional Flow = 156
  7.6 Boundary Conditions = 157
  7.7 Drawing of Flow Net for Two-Dimensional Flow = 158
  7.8 Determination of Seepage Quantity from Flow Nets = 159
  7.9 Seepage Through Earth Dams = 164
CHAPTER 8 Stresses in Soils = 179
  8.1 Introduction = 179
  8.2 Effective Stress = 180
  8.3 Stresses Due to Surface Loads ; Boussinesq's Equations = 182
  8.4 Distribution of Pressure from Point Load = 184
  8.5 Pressure Caused by Uniformly Loaded Line of Finite Length = 190
  8.6 Uniformly Loaded Circular Area = 195
  8.7 Pressure Caused by Uniformly Loaded Rectangular Area = 202
  8.8 Total Load on Rectangular Area in Undersoil = 209
  8.9 Newmark's Influence Chart = 211
  8.10 Approximate Estimate of Vertical Stress = 213
CHAPTER 9 Compressibility ; Settlement = 221
  9.1 Introduction = 221
  9.2 Compressibility of Soil = 222
  9.3 One-Dimensional Consolidation ; Rheological Model = 223
  9.4 Load-Deformation Characteristics of Soils = 226
  9.5 One-Dimensional Consolidation Theory = 228
  9.6 Determination of Coefficient of Consolidation Cv = 232
  9.7 One-Dimensional Consolidation Test = 236
  9.8 Secondary Compression = 239
  9.9 Immediate(Elastic) Settlement = 240
  9.10 Three-Dimensional Consolidation = 244
  9.11 Settlement Predictions Based on One-Dimensional Consolidation = 245
  9.12 Settlement During Construction = 250
  9.13 Tolerable Settlements in Buildings = 251
CHAPTER 10 Shear Strength of Soil = 259
  10.1 Introduction = 259
  10.2 Brief Review of Some Elements from Basic Mechanics = 260
  10.3 Mohr's Theory of Failure = 268
  10.4 Determination of the Shear Strength of Soils = 271
  10.5 p-q Diagrams and Stress Paths = 279
  10.6 Shear Strength of Cohesionless Soils = 281
  10.7 Shear Strength of Cohesive Soil = 284
  10.8 In Situ Evaluation of Shear Strength = 288
CHAPTER 11 Stability of Slopes = 295
  11.1 Introduction = 295
  11.2 Infinite Slopes = 296
  11.3 The Circular Arc Analysis = 302
  11.4 Method of Slices = 304
  11.5 Stability Charts - Cousins's Approach for Simple Slopes = 309
  11.6 Sliding on Inclined Plane = 315
  11.7 Special Topics on Stability = 318
CHAPTER 12 Lateral Earth Pressure = 327
  12.1 Introduction = 327
  12.2 Active and Passive Earth Pressures = 328
  12.3 Rankine's Theory = 334
  12.4 Coulomb's Equation = 341
  12.5 Lateral Earth Pressures in Partially Cohesive Soils = 344
  12.6 Unsupported Cuts in(c-Φ) Soil = 347
  12.7 Effects of Surcharge Loads = 349
  12.8 Culmann's Method = 351
CHAPTER 13 Site Improvement = 361
  13.1 Introduction = 361
  13.2 Compaction = 362
  13.3 Compacted Clays = 374
  13.4 Vibratory Compaction = 378
  13.5 Preloading = 381
  13.6 Dewatering = 381
  13.7 Chemical Stabilization = 382
  13.8 Geosynthetics = 383
  13.9 Geoenvironmental - Landfills = 389
CHAPTER 14 Bearing Capacity - Shailow Foundations = 395
  14.1 Introduction = 395
  14.2 Load-Soil Deformation Relationship = 396
  14.3 Bearing Failure Patterns = 398
  14.4 Prandtl's Theory for Ultimate Bearing Capacity - Taylor's Contribution = 400
  14.5 Bearing Capacity Based on Rankine Wedges = 402
  14.6 Terzaghi's Bearing Capacity Theory = 403
  14.7 Meyerhof's Bearing Capacity Equation = 406
  14.8 Hansen's Bearing Capacity Equation - Vesic's Factors = 407
  14.9 A Comparative Overview of Terzaghi's, Meyerhof's and Hansen's Equations = 410
  14.10 Effect of Water Table on Bearing Capacity = 417
  14.11 Bearing Capacity Based on Standard Penetration Tests = 418
  14.12 General Observations on qu and qa Expressions = 420
  14.13 Foundations in Challenging Soil = 422
APPENDIX A Westergaard Stress Coefficients = 431
APPENDIX B Solution to Terzaghi's Consolidation Equation = 441
APPENDIX C Boussinesq's Equation for Radial Stress = 445
INDEX = 449