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With the approach of the 21st century, and the current trends in manufacturing, the role of computer-controlled flexible manufacturing an integral part in the success of manufacturing enterprises. will take Manufacturing environments are changing to small batch (with batch sizes diminishing to a quantity of one), larger product variety, produc­ tion on demand with low lead times, with the ability to be 'agile.' This is in stark contrast to conventional manufacturing which has relied on economies of scale, and where change is viewed as a disruption and is therefore detrimental to production. Computer integrated manufac­ turing (CIM) and flexible manufacturing practices are a key component in the transition from conventional manufacturing to the 'new' manu­ facturing environment. While the use of computers in manufacturing, from controlling indi­ vidual machines (NC, Robots, AGVs etc.) to controlling flexible manu­ facturing systems (FMS) has advanced the flexibility of manufacturing environments, it is still far from reaching its full potential in the environment of the future. Great strides have been made in individual technologies and control of FMS has been the subject of considerable research, but computerized shop floor control is not nearly as flexible or integrated as hyped in industrial and academic literature. In fact, the integrated systems have lagged far behind what could be achieved with existing technology.

With the approach of the 21st century, and the current trends in manufacturing, the role of computer-controlled flexible manufacturing an integral part in the success of manufacturing enterprises. will take Manufacturing environments are changing to small batch (with batch sizes diminishing to a quantity of one), larger product variety, produc­ tion on demand with low lead times, with the ability to be 'agile.' This is in stark contrast to conventional manufacturing which has relied on economies of scale, and where change is viewed as a disruption and is therefore detrimental to production. Computer integrated manufac­ turing (CIM) and flexible manufacturing practices are a key component in the transition from conventional manufacturing to the 'new' manu­ facturing environment. While the use of computers in manufacturing, from controlling indi­ vidual machines (NC, Robots, AGVs etc.) to controlling flexible manu­ facturing systems (FMS) has advanced the flexibility of manufacturing environments, it is still far from reaching its full potential in the environment of the future. Great strides have been made in individual technologies and control of FMS has been the subject of considerable research, but computerized shop floor control is not nearly as flexible or integrated as hyped in industrial and academic literature. In fact, the integrated systems have lagged far behind what could be achieved with existing technology.

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CONTENTS
Contributors = ⅶ
Preface = ⅹ
1. The role CIM architectures in flexible manufacturing systems / Theodore J. Williams ; John P. Shewchuck ; Colin L. Moodie = 1
2. Hierarchical control architectures from shop level to end effectors / M. Kate Senehi ; Thomas R. Kramer ; Steven R. Ray ; Rickard Quintero ; James S. Albus = 31
3. Characteristics of computerized scheduling and control of manufacturing systems / V. Jorge Leon ; S. David Wu = 63
4. Priority rules and predictive control algorithms for on-line scheduling of FMS / Sebastian Engell ; Frank Herrmann ; Manfred Moser = 75
5. Scheduling of automated guided vehicles for material handling : dynamic shop floor feedback / Leslie Interrante ; Daniel Rochowiak ; Ben Sumrall = 108
6. An integrated planning and control system for scheduling in flexible manufacturing systems / Ai-Mei Chang = 142
7. Autonomous control for open manufacturing systems / Grace Y. Lin ; James J. Solberg = 169
8. Applications of Petri net methodology to manufacturing systems / Meng Chu Zhou ; Anthony D. Robbi = 207
9. Recent developments in modeling and performance analysis tools for systems / ○○○○○○ Kamath = 231
10. Qualitative intelligent modeling of manufacturing systems / David Ben-Arieh ; Eric D. Carley = 264
11. Formal models of execution function in shop floor control / Jeffrey S. Smith ; Sanjay B. Joshi = 285
12. Object-oriented design of flexible manufacturing systems / Gabriele Elia ; Giuseppe Menga = 315
13. Efficient and dependable manufacturing - a software perpective / J. K. Chaar ; Richard A. Volz ; Edward S. Davidson = 343
14. Process plan representation for shop floor control / A. Derebail ; H. Cho ; R. Wysk = 379
15. Integration of cutting-tool management with shop-floor control in flexible machining systems / D. Veeramani = 405
16. An object-oriented control architecture for flexible manufacturing cells / J. M. Hopkins ; R. E. King ; C. T. Culbreth = 427