CONTENTS
Preface = ⅲ
1. INTRODUCTION = 1
Some Trends in Learning Psychology = 6
The View of Learning Presented in this Book = 18
Organization of the Book = 21
Educational implications = 22
General References = 24
2. WHAT IS LEARNED-VARIETIES = 25
Five Varieties of Capability = 26
Intellectual Skills = 28
Cognitive Strategies = 35
Verbal Information = 38
Motor Skills = 42
Attitudes = 44
A Summary of Types of Learning Outcomes = 47
Educational Implications = 48
General References = 49
3. THE EVENTS OF LEARNING = 51
The Information-Processing Model = 52
Effects of External Events on Learning Processes = 62
A Summary of External Events Which Influence Internal Processes = 68
Educational Implications = 69
General References = 71
4. BASIC FORMS OF LEARNING = 73
The Status of Basic Learning Forms = 74
Signal Learning = 76
Stimulus-Response Learning = 82
Chaining = 91
Verbal Association = 94
General References = 102
5. INTELLECTUAL SKILLS : DISCRIMINATIONS, CONCRETE CONCEPTS = 103
Learning Discriminations = 105
Conditions of Learning Discriminations = 108
Learning Concrete Concepts = 111
General References = 124
6. INTELLECTUAL SKILLS : DEFINED CONCEPTS AND RULES = 127
Defined Concepts = 129
Learning Defined Concepts = 133
Rule Learning
Learning Hierarchies
Some Educational Implications
General References
7. PROBLEM SOLVING : COGNITIVE STRATEGIES = 155
Applying Rules in Problem Solving
Cognitive Strategies
Some Educational Implications
General References
8. VERBAL INFORMATION LEARNING = 181
Varieties of Verbal Information
Conditions of Learning-Verbal Information Educational Implications
General References
9. MOTOR SKILLS = 205
The Structure of Motor Skills Learning Motor Skills
Conditions for Learning Motor Skills
Educational Implications
General References
10. ATTITUDES = 231
The Nature of Attitudes
Attitude Change
Conditions of Learning-Attitudes
Educational Implications
General References
11. ANALYZING THE REQUIREMENTS FOR LEARNING = 257
Task Description
Learning Analysis
Deriving External Conditions for Learning = 275
Educational Implications = 278
General References = 280
12. DESIGNING INSTRUCTION FOR LEARNING = 283
Planning for Phases of Learning = 284
Motivation = 287
Directing Attention = 292
Learning Guidance for Encoding = 293
Enhancing Retention and Transfer of Learning = 296
Learner Performance and Feedback = 296
The Procedures of Instruction = 299
Choosing Instructional Media = 302
Educational Implications = 311
General References = 313
References = 314
Name Index = 331
Subject Index = 335
