CONTENTS
Acknowledgments = xv
Preface = xvii
Part Ⅰ General Considerations in Measurement and Evaluation = 1
Chapter 1 Overview of Measurement and Evaluation = 3
Tests, Measurement, and Evaluation = 3
Objectives and Evaluation = 4
Purposes of Measurement and Evaluation = 6
Principles of Measurement and Evaluation = 7
Types of Evaluation = 9
Review Questions = 10
Bibliography = 11
Chapter 2 Organizing and Analyzing Measurements for Evaluation = 13
Studying Statistics = 13
Statistics Defined = 14
Scales of Measurement = 16
Organization of Scores = 17
Graphing Techniques = 20
Histograms, Polygons, and Ogives = 22
Descriptive Statistics = 24
Standard Scores = 29
Normal Curve = 31
Establishment of Norms = 36
Correlation = 38
Regression = 41
Shape of Relationships = 42
Cautions in Correlation Interpretation = 43
Other Statistical Techniques = 43
Review Questions = 45
Problems and Exercises = 45
Bibliography = 51
Chapter 3 Criteria for the Selection and Construction of Tests = 53
Technical Criteria - Validity, Reliability, Objectivity = 53
Additional Selection／Construction Criteria = 64
Summary = 67
Review Questions = 67
Problems and Exercises = 69
Bibliography = 70
Chapter 4 Writing Goals and Measurable Objectives = 73
Program Goals = 73
Behavioral Objectives = 76
Summary = 79
Review Questions = 79
Problems and Exercises = 80
Bibliography = 80
Part Ⅱ Measurement in the Motor Domain = 81
Chapter 5 Selection and Construction of Motor Performance Tests = 83
Determining the Purpose of Testing = 84
Identifying Abilities to be Assessed = 86
Selecting or Developing Motor Items = 88
Securing Facilities and Equipment = 91
Conducting a Pilot Study and Revising Items = 92
Administering Test Items = 92
Determining Internal and External Validity = 92
Determining Reliability = 93
Developing Norms or Establishing Appropriate Levels for Pass／Fail = 93
Writing a Test Manual = 94
Evaluating the Test = 94
Review Questions = 98
Problems and Exercises = 98
Bibliography = 99
Chapter 6 Components of Motor Performance = 101
Muscular Strength and Endurance = 103
Power Tests = 118
Agility and Coordination = 122
Flexibility and Balance = 125
General Motor Ability = 130
General Motor Ability and Educability Tests = 131
Review Questions = 133
Problems and Exercises = 134
Bibliography = 140
Chapter 7 Motor and Physical Fitness Testing = 143
Definitions of Motor Fitness and Physical Fitness = 143
Identification of Fitness Components = 144
Purposes of Fitness Testing = 146
The Physical Examination = 147
Body Size and Muscular Performance = 147
The AAHPER Youth Fitness Test = 149
Evaluation of the AAHPER Test = 156
1980 Revision of the AAHPER Youth Fitness Test = 165
Field Estimates of Cardiovascular Efficiency (Aerobic Power) = 174
Estimating Percent Body Fat and Body Density = 182
Problems With Prediction Equations = 190
Review Questions = 197
Problems and Exercises = 197
Bibliography = 201
Chapter 8 Sport Skills Testing = 205
Evaluation of Sport Skills Tests = 206
Archery = 206
Badminton = 213
Basketball = 214
AAHPERD Basketball Test for Boys and Girls = 217
Bowling = 224
Canoeing = 226
Diving = 226
Football = 226
Golf = 242
Gymnastics = 242
Soccer = 243
Softball= 243
Swimming = 260
Tennis = 269
Volleyball = 272
Summary = 277
Problems and Exercises = 278
Bibliography = 278
Part Ⅲ Measurement in the Cognitive and Affective Domains = 281
Chapter 9 Construction of Written Knowledge Tests = 283
Planning the Examination = 284
Preparing the Examination = 290
Administering the Examination = 298
Determining Test Quality = 299
Developing Norms = 308
Criterion-Referenced Test Construction = 308
Review Questions = 309
Problems and Exercises = 310
Bibliography = 316
Chapter 10 Measurement in the Affective Domain = 317
Philosophy, Purposes, and Use of Affective Measures = 318
Considerations in Affective Measurement = 322
Types of Inventories = 323
Modes of Measurement = 325
Types of Scales = 326
Examples of Affective Instruments = 329
Sport Situation-Specific Trends in Affective Measurements = 348
Review Questions = 349
Problems and Exercises = 350
Bibliography = 350
Part Ⅳ Application of Measurements in Evaluation = 353
Chapter 11 Administration of the Evaluation Program = 355
Administering Motor Performance Tests = 355
Administering Written Tests = 359
Classifying Physical Activity Participants = 361
Evaluating Teacher Effectiveness = 365
Overall Program Evaluation = 366
Review Questions = 366
Bibliography = 371
Chapter 12 Grading = 373
Criteria for a Grading System = 373
Standards for Grades = 375
Types of Grades = 376
Grading Systems = 377
Determining Grade Components = 380
Reporting Grades = 382
Cumulative Physical Education Records = 382
Review Questions = 382
Problems and Exercises = 384
Bibliography = 387
Chapter 13 Evaluation of Special Populations = 389
Nonclassification in Special Population Testing = 390
Basic Motor Development Testing = 391
Physical Fitness Testing = 396
Advanced Motor Development Testing = 409
Review Questions = 417
Problems and Exercises = 417
Appendix 13.A Tests for Special Populations = 430
Appendix 13.B Combined Testing of Severely Impaired Individuals = 432
Selected References = 442
Bibliography = 442
Chapter 14 Evaluation Programs in Preschools and Elementary Schools = 443
Check Sheet for Motor Movement Patterns = 444
Diagnostic Motor Ability Test = 447
Additional Preschool and Elementary School Tests = 452
Measurement and Evaluation in Program Development = 453
Review Questions = 459
Problems and Exercises = 460
Bibliography = 467
Appendix 14.A Norm Tables for the Basic Motor Ability Test = 468
Appendix 14.B Selected Motor Tests for Preschool and Elementary School Children = 492
Chapter 15 Example Evaluation Programs for Secondary Physical Education and Competitive Athletics = 493
Evaluation Program for Ninth-Grade Physical Education = 493
Archery = 494
Badminton = 495
Gymnastics = 495
Basketball = 495
Swimming = 495
Golf = 496
Evaluation Programs in Competitive Athletics = 496
Basketball = 496
Football = 498
Volleyball = 499
Track and Field = 501
Review Questions = 506
Problems and Exercises = 507
Bibliography = 507
Chapter 16 Evaluation Programs in Nonschool Settings = 509
General Guidelines = 509
Specific Program Examples = 511
Review Questions = 515
Bibliography = 515
Appendix
A Metric and English Conversion Factors = 517
B Algebraic Derivation of the Calculating Variance Formula = 519
C Programmable Hand-Held Calculators = 521
D The Computer in Physical Education = 527
E Analysis of Variance in Determining an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 533
Glossary = 539
Author Index = 543
Subject Index = 547
