CONTENTS
ILLUSTRATIONS = xi
TABLES = xiii
PREFACE = xv
PART ONE Fundamental Considerations of Measurement
CHAPTER 1 APPROACH TO MEASUREMENT = 3
Physical Education and Measurement = 3
Interest in Health Education Measurement = 9
Objectives of Physical Education = 10
Objectives of Health Education = 16
Selection of Tests = 18
Conclusions = 19
Selected References = 19
CHAPTER 2 TEST EVALUATION = 21
Function of Measurement = 21
Criteria of Tests = 22
Validity of Tests = 22
Accuracy of Tests = 25
Norms and Standards = 28
Economy of Tests = 30
Objective Written Examinations = 30
Selected References = 37
PART TWO Physical Fitness
CHAPTER 3 EDUCATION AND FITNESS = 41
The Physical in Physical Education = 41
Organic Soundness = 43
Mental Alertness = 45
Personal-Social Status = 47
Exercise and Fat Reduction = 49
Conclusions = 50
Selected References = 50
CHAPTER 4 SCHOOL HEALTH APPRAISAL = 51
Medical Examination = 52
Vision Screening Tests = 57
Hearing Tests = 65
Evaluating Health Service Programs = 68
Selected References = 69
CHAPTER 5 MATURITY, NUTRITION, BODY SIZE, AND FORM = 70
Maturity = 70
Nutrition = 72
Evaluating Nutrition = 74
Skinfold = 82
Body Dimensions = 84
Body Conposition = 87
Somatotypes = 87
Selected References = 98
CHAPTER 6 MEASUREMENT IN REMEDIAL WORK = 99
Posture Values = 99
Tests of Anteroposterior Posture = 102
Center of Gravity Test = 115
Lateral Deviation of the Spine = 115
Foot Measurement = 117
Flexibility Tests = 120
Cable-Tension Strength Tests = 123
Selected References = 124
CHAPTER 7 STRENGTH TESTS = 126
Rogers Physical Fitness Index = 126
Administration of the PFI Test = 127
Suggestions for Administering PFI Tests = 136
The PFI as a Measure of Physical Fitness = 138
The Selection of PFI Cases for Follow-up Attention = 141
Suggested Changes in PFI Tests = 142
Strength Tests for Girls = 145
Oregon Cable-Tension Stength Tests = 145
Kraus-Weber Muscular Tests = 147
Berger's 1-RM = 150
Selected References = 151
CHAPTER 8 CIRCULATORY-RESPIRATORY ENDURANCE = 152
Crampton Blood-Ptosis Test = 153
Barach Energy Index = 153
Schneider Test = 154
McCurdy-Larson Test of Organic Efficiency = 155
Heartometer = 156
Maximum Oxygen Uptake = 156
Tuttle Pulse-Ratio Test = 157
Harvard Step Test = 158
Modifications of the Harvard Step Test = 160
Modified Step Test Apparatus = 164
Ohio State University Step Test = 165
Comments on Cardiovascular Tests = 166
Cardiovascular Testing Aids = 168
Functional Endurance Measures = 170
Selected References = 172
CHAPTER 9 MOTOR FITNESS TESTS = 173
Oregon Motor Fitness Test = 174
California Physical Performance Tests = 178
AAHPER Youth Fitness Test = 178
PCPFS Screening Tests = 180
NSWA Physical Performance Test = 181
New York State Physical Fitness Screening Test = 182
Glover Battery for Primary Grade Children = 183
Motor Fitness Tests of the Armed Forces = 184
Other Motor Fitness Tests = 187
Evaluation of Motor Fitness Tests = 189
Selected References = 193
PART THREE Social Efficiency
CHAPTER 10 PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SOCIAL EFFICIENCY = 197
Athletics = 197
Social Acceptability = 199
Ability Groupings = 199
Player Control of Contests = 201
Success Experiences = 202
Social Education = 202
Mental Health = 203
Meeting Individual Needs = 204
Need for Objective Tests = 204
Selected References = 205
CHAPTER 11 MEASUREMENT OF SOCIAL EFFICIENCY = 206
Behavior Rating Scales = 206
Level of Aspiration = 216
Self-Concept = 217
Social Outcomes of Sports = 219
Personality Inventories = 220
Conclusions = 226
Selected References = 226
CHAPTER 12 GENERAL MOTOR ABILITIES = 227
Concept of General Motor Ability = 227
Bases for Ability Groupings = 228
Early Measures of General Motor Abilities = 229
Strength Index = 230
Strength Composite = 232
McCIoy's General Motor Ability and Capacity Tests = 232
Larson Tests = 234
Carpenter-Stansbury Test for Children in First Three Grades = 235
Newton Motor Ability Test for High School Girls = 235
Motor Ability Tests for College Men = 236
Motor Educability = 237
Muscular Power = 240
Pull-ups = 243
Agility Runs = 244
Age-Height-Weight Indices = 245
Selected References = 246
PART FOUR Physical Education Skills and Appreciations
CHAPTER 13 IMPORTANCE OF SKILLS AND APPRECIATIONS = 249
Neuromuscular Coordination = 250
Cultural Potentialities of PhysicalEducation = 253
Measurement = 257
Selected References = 258
CHAPTER 14 SKILL TESTS = 259
AAHPER Skill Test Manuals = 259
Archery = 260
Badminton = 261
Baseball = 263
Basketball Tests for Boys = 264
Basketball Tests for Girls = 269
Bowling Norms = 271
Field Hockey = 271
Football = 272
Golf = 272
Gymnastics = 275
Handball = 276
Rhythm = 278
Soccer = 279
Softball = 281
Swimming = 282
Table Tennis = 285
Tennis = 285
Touch Football = 289
Volleyball = 290
Selected References = 292
CHAPTER 15 KNOWLEDGE TESTS = 293
Physical Education = 293
Attitude Scales = 301
Health Education = 303
Selected References = 309
PART FIVE Administrative Problems
CHAPTER 16 MEASUREMENT PROGRAMS = 313
Inaugurating Measurement Programs = 313
Suggestions for Administering Tests = 314
Preparation of Reports = 321
Purposes of Reporting = 322
Cooperative Measurement Projects = 324
Selected References = 329
CHAPTER 17 APPLICATION OF MEASUREMENT = 330
Individuals Differ = 330
Physical Fitness Needs = 331
Social Adjustment = 335
Homogeneous Grouping = 337
Sport and Athletic Skills = 339
The Clinical Approach = 339
Selected References = 341
An EPILOGUE
DO YOU GUESS? OR DO YOU MEASURE? = 342
APPENDIX A
ELEMENTS OF STATISTICS = 343
APPENDIX B
SCORING TABLES = 367
INDEX = 420
