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Throughout the European Renaissance, authors famous and obscure debated the nature, goals, and value of rhetoric. In a host of treatises, handbooks, letters, and orations, written in both Latin and the vernacular, they attempted to assess the central role that rhetoric clearly played in their culture. Was rhetoric a valuable tool of legitimation for rulers or a dangerous instrument of resistance to political and religious authority? Would its employment maintain the social hierarchy or foster social mobility? Was rhetoric merely the art of lies or was it a means to arrive at the only form of truth available to human beings? In this fascinating volume, Wayne A. Rebhorn enables modern-day readers to follow Renaissance thinkers as they struggle with these and other crucial questions about rhetoric.

Arranged chronologically, the twenty-five selections in this anthology, most of which have never before appeared in English, include key texts by Petrarch, Valla, Erasmus, Vives, Melanchthon, Ramus, Wilson, Amyot, and Bacon. All the selections have been fully annotated and have headnotes providing essential background information. In addition, the volume features a biographical glossary of frequently mentioned historical and mythological figures, a comprehensive index, and a detailed bibliography.

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CONTENTS

Acknowledgments = ⅶ

Introduction = 1

1. Francis Petrarch = 14

 Letter to Tommaso da Messina, Concerning the Study of Eloquence = 15

2. Coluccio Salutati = 18

 On Petrarch's Eloquence = 19

3. George of Trebizond (Trapezuntius) = 27

 From Five Books on Rhetoric = 28

 From An Oration in Praise of Eloquence = 31

4. Lorenzo Valla = 35

 From The Refinements of the Latin Language = 36

5. Rudolph Agricola = 42

 From Three Books Concerning Dialectical Invention = 43

6. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola = 57

 Letter to Ermolao Barbaro = 58

7. Desiderius Erasmus = 68

 From Ciceronianus = 69

8. Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa = 76

 From On the Uncertainty and Vanity of the Arts and Sciences = 77

9. Juan Luis Vives = 82

 From On the Causes of the Corruption of the Arts = 83

 From On Teaching the Disciplines = 93

10. Philip Melanchthon = 97

 From The Praise of Eloquence = 98

11. Sperone Speroni = 111

 From Dialogue on Rhetoric = 112

12. Jacques Amyot = 128

 From An Epitome of Royal Eloquence = 129

13. Anton Maria de'Conti = 140

 From A Dialogue on Eloquence = 140

14. Peter Ramus = 152

 From Logic = 153

15. John Jewel = 161

 Oration against Rhetoric = 162

16. Thomas Wilson = 173

 From The Art of Rhetoric = 174

17. Francesco Patrizi = 183

 From Ten Dialogues on Rhetoric = 184

18. George Puttenham = 203

 From The Art of English Poesy = 204

19. Michel de MONTAIGNE = 218

 On the Vanity of Words = 219

20. Henry Peacham = 223

 From The First Part of Eloquence = 224

21. Juan de Guzman = 233

 From The First Part of Rhetoric = 233

22. Guillaume de Vair = 244

 From On French Eloquence = 244

23. Francis Bacon = 261

 From The New Organon = 262

 From The Advancement of Learning = 265

 From On the Wisdom of the Ancients = 271

24. Nicholas Caussin = 273

 From On Sacred and Profane Eloquence = 274

25. Jean-Francois Le Grand = 284

 From A Discourse on French Rhetoric = 284

Biographical Glossary = 295

Bibliography = 309

Index = 315